A crazy ambitious survey by a Marxist crystallographer of the state of global (but mainly British) science and technology in 1939, how it got there, and where it might and ought to go. Bernal’s work is justifiably a classic, in the sense of being an amazingly rich source for historians. Many parts of it are highly outdated (the unmistakable assumption that scientists are men perhaps being the most conspicuous, but also the pretty dismissive attitude towards non Euro-American science, and his hierarchical view of scientific disciplines/fields), but on many issues (scientific publishing, scientific internationalism in a world with competing political and economic systems, the valuing of scientific work) it still offers neat ways of critically assessing the industry today. Too much to summarise in one short review though – definitely one to return to over time, not least when you need catchy one-liners on pretty much any aspect of the social side of science.