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The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments
From the acclaimed New York Times science writer George Johnson, an irresistible book on the ten most fascinating experiments in the history of science—moments when a curious soul posed a particularly eloquent question to nature and received a crisp, unambiguous reply.
Johnson takes us to those times when the world seemed filled with mysterious forces, when scientists were dazzled by light, by electricity, and by the beating of the hearts they laid bare on the dissecting table.
We see Galileo singing to mark time as he measures the pull of gravity, and Newton carefully inserting a needle behind his eye to learn how light causes vibrations in the retina. William Harvey ties a tourniquet around his arm and watches his arteries throb above and his veins bulge below, proving that blood circulates. Luigi Galvani sparks electrical currents in dissected frog legs, wondering at the twitching muscle fibers, and Ivan Pavlov makes his now-famous dogs salivate at ascending chord progressions.
For all of them, diligence was rewarded. In an instant, confusion was swept aside and something new about nature leaped into view. In bringing us these stories, Johnson restores some of the romance to science, reminding us of the existential excitement of a single soul staring down the unknown.
Johnson takes us to those times when the world seemed filled with mysterious forces, when scientists were dazzled by light, by electricity, and by the beating of the hearts they laid bare on the dissecting table.
We see Galileo singing to mark time as he measures the pull of gravity, and Newton carefully inserting a needle behind his eye to learn how light causes vibrations in the retina. William Harvey ties a tourniquet around his arm and watches his arteries throb above and his veins bulge below, proving that blood circulates. Luigi Galvani sparks electrical currents in dissected frog legs, wondering at the twitching muscle fibers, and Ivan Pavlov makes his now-famous dogs salivate at ascending chord progressions.
For all of them, diligence was rewarded. In an instant, confusion was swept aside and something new about nature leaped into view. In bringing us these stories, Johnson restores some of the romance to science, reminding us of the existential excitement of a single soul staring down the unknown.
208 pages, Hardcover
First published January 1, 2008
128 people are currently reading
2668 people want to read
About the author
George Johnson
267 books49 followersLibrarian note:
There is more than one author in the GoodReads database with this name
George Johnson (born January 20, 1952) is an American journalist and science writer. He is the author of a number of books, including The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments (2008) and Strange Beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the Revolution in 20th-Century Physics (1999), and writes for a number of publications, including The New York Times.
He is one of the co-hosts (with science writer John Horgan) of "Science Saturday", a weekly discussion on the website Bloggingheads.tv, related to topics in science. Several prominent scientists, philosophers, and bloggers have been interviewed for the site.
There is more than one author in the GoodReads database with this name
George Johnson (born January 20, 1952) is an American journalist and science writer. He is the author of a number of books, including The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments (2008) and Strange Beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the Revolution in 20th-Century Physics (1999), and writes for a number of publications, including The New York Times.
He is one of the co-hosts (with science writer John Horgan) of "Science Saturday", a weekly discussion on the website Bloggingheads.tv, related to topics in science. Several prominent scientists, philosophers, and bloggers have been interviewed for the site.
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 181 reviews
July 30, 2016
الآن كشبه خريجة و طبيبة، أقدر أقول بضمير مرتاح: مافيش مادة في تاريخي الدراسي عسفتني و أزمت نفسيتي و ضيعت ثقتي بنفسي و أبكتني ليلة امتحانها أد الفيزيا
فا نقدر نعتبر قرايتي للكتاب دا حاجه من الاتنين:
-نوع من جلد الذات
-محاولة يمكن تصيب بعد ما حسيتني بعدت خلاص عن مستنقع الدراسة للإلمام بشوية معلومات عن الفيزيا من باب العلم بالشئ
و نهايةً:
يا ريت كلنا نخبي الريفيو دا عن غفران، انا عارفه كل اللي هتقوليه و عنك المرة دي و الله ما انتِ تاعبه نفسك ، بس صدقيني حصل :D
November 17, 2014
In the author's preamble to The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments, I was slightly alarmed to see Cormac McCarthy thanked for his help composing the manuscript of this scientific history. Presumably this is a different Cormac McCarthy, but one does wonder.
(Edit – as has been pointed out to me, it was in fact almost certainly the Cormac McCarthy. See e.g. here.)
Distracting Acknowledgements aside, this is an engaging, if slight, description of ten key experiments from across the sciences: Harvey's demonstration that blood circulates through the body, Newton's refraction of light, Michelson-Morley, Pavlov's dogs, and so on. As with any such selection, there are some surprising omissions (no double-slit experiment?), but, more fundamentally, and although the writing is decent, the chapters are a little too short and they fail to generate the sort of excitement that following these efforts should have generated.
The chapters also function as mini-biographies of the scientists involved, and in part this book is a love-letter to the ‘great men’ (they're all men) who have driven science forward through insight combined with exhaustive slog. One of the things we're left wondering at the end is whether this kind of single moving spirit may be anachronistic now: Johnson notes that there were 439 names on the paper announcing the discovery of the top quark. So lots more beautiful experiments to come, we can be sure – but most of them are likely to have been designed by committee.
JOHNSON: Now then, Cormac, where were we. Chapter Eight; new paragraph. Quote: ‘Edward Morley, a chemist at neighboring Western Reserve University, was as meticulous a scientist as Michelson. The two men agreed that it would be pointless to make another attempt to detect the Earth's absolute motion unless they could first confirm Fresnel's hypothesis – that the celestial backdrop is fixed in space with only pinches of aether dragged along by transparent objects.’ Just read that back for me, would you?
MCCARTHY: The sky was clear and Michelson's heart was clear and only in the far west the clarity was broken where the last cloudbank bled over the land like a jugged hare; and yet all was in motion, heart, blood and sky, spiraling forever into the measureless void and haling the ether along with it like the caul over a miscarried infant's soft and innocent head. Innocent? Nay – rife with original sin.
Michelson spat on the ground, and the parched land accepted his meager gift.
—Reckon Fresnel might have been on to something after all, Morley said, studying the westering sun.
JOHNSON: Perhaps we should take a break.
(Edit – as has been pointed out to me, it was in fact almost certainly the Cormac McCarthy. See e.g. here.)
Distracting Acknowledgements aside, this is an engaging, if slight, description of ten key experiments from across the sciences: Harvey's demonstration that blood circulates through the body, Newton's refraction of light, Michelson-Morley, Pavlov's dogs, and so on. As with any such selection, there are some surprising omissions (no double-slit experiment?), but, more fundamentally, and although the writing is decent, the chapters are a little too short and they fail to generate the sort of excitement that following these efforts should have generated.
The chapters also function as mini-biographies of the scientists involved, and in part this book is a love-letter to the ‘great men’ (they're all men) who have driven science forward through insight combined with exhaustive slog. One of the things we're left wondering at the end is whether this kind of single moving spirit may be anachronistic now: Johnson notes that there were 439 names on the paper announcing the discovery of the top quark. So lots more beautiful experiments to come, we can be sure – but most of them are likely to have been designed by committee.
June 6, 2018
كتاب رائع عن أفضل انجازات واكتشافات العلماء والتي غيرت مجري العلم، اتفق مع الكاتب في الكثير من اختياراته، وأتمنى أن تكون التجربة الحادية عشر هي الأجمل كما تمني الكاتب
February 15, 2020
I would have liked The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments more if I'd read it as part of a class, where my instructors demonstrated the experiments and talked their way through them. I wanted to see, to feel, to smell. As it was, I often felt that I missed the details of most of the stories told here. I certainly couldn't have replicated that research based on George Johnson's descriptions or the drawings included, most of which were from the original researchers, as with this one from Sir Isaac Newton's journal.
For me, the most compelling parts of the stories was the "messy" parts of science:
For me, the most compelling parts of the stories was the "messy" parts of science:
* The ways that professors steal credit for work that their students have done – or that their students lay greater claim to that work their advisors believed they deserved (e.g., Robert Millikan and Harvey Fletcher).I doubt that Johnson hoped that I would draw these conclusions, although he probably would not have been surprised either. Science is a very human endeavor.
* The important roles of scientific rivals or supportive colleagues in the progress of that science (e.g., Galvani and Volta): Though neither man could quite see it, their experiments complemented each other, for they were dancing around a single truth (p. 74). Conversely, Lady Ada Lovelace was an effective and important muse to Michael Faraday, and Alexander Graham Bell was an important benefactor to A. A. Michelson.
* It's not just the observations that matter, but what you do with them (e.g., Lavoisier, Priestley, and Scheele). Could Priestley and Scheele recognize their data's meaning? (Of course, data doesn't come with clear labels.) Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier did.
* The experimental mindset is central and essential to the work and to the personality of the researcher, illustrated in the story of Lavoisier's execution by guillotine – surely hyperbole. He wondered whether death by guillotine was painless. Lavoisier tested this hypothesis, so the story goes, by beginning to blink his eyes as soon as he felt the blade touch his neck and as many times as he could, while an assistant in the crowd would count his blinks. Such a mindset touches everything. Or, as in the drawing above, Sir Isaac Newton was so intensely curious about vision and light as to poke a stick in and around his own eye to observe what happened.
* Memory is often treacherous. Johnson described several cases of clear misremembering, as in Wilhelm Roentgen's first reports of x-rays of the hand, which so excited Robert Millikan that he misremembered this report as happening at the German Physical Society on Christmas Eve, but it instead took place in the following January.
* But Johnson described other cases of "misremembering," which seem much more to be "cooking the books," where researchers appeared to comb their data for support for their preconception (e.g., Robert Millikan).
*Or in yet other cases, the experimental method appears to be "smoothed over" rather than an accurate description of the initial research. Stillman Drake, for example, argued that Galileo probably sang in order to assess time in his experiments, but “Even in [Galileo's] day, it would have been foolish to write, ‘I tested this law by singing a song while a ball was rolling down a plane, and it proved quite exact.’" (p. 15).
April 8, 2020
Johnson could have just as easily, and accurately, called this book THE TEN COOLEST EXPERIMENTS. It is undeniably cool how the famous scientists featured here figured out ways to isolate and test the variables that interested them. Johnson tells the story of each experiment clearly and without unneeded elaboration. Even though these are familiar stories from high school science, Johnson manages to convey a genuine sense of "gee whiz, how did he figure to do that” that makes his book fun.
Science has no rules as such. It is not an ‘ism', such as an ideology or religion. The rules that science offers are simply marking points for the next scientist to improve upon if he or she can. Science is never over. The scientist's urge to improve our understanding is unquenchable. Nothing is ever settled. All is subject to revision or refutation.
Science has improved our lives immeasurably precisely because it does not settle the question at hand. It merely suggests an explanation, until a better explanation emerges.
The experiments described in THE TEN MOST BEAUTIFUL EXPERIMENTS illustrate how science never rests. Johnson chose to include the ten experiments featured here specifically because each required inordinate cleverness of design. Some scientists are theorists. They propose scientific theories. But many scientists are lab rats. They design experiments to test theories. And the ingenuity of their designs is the subject matter of this book.
Highly recommended.
Science has no rules as such. It is not an ‘ism', such as an ideology or religion. The rules that science offers are simply marking points for the next scientist to improve upon if he or she can. Science is never over. The scientist's urge to improve our understanding is unquenchable. Nothing is ever settled. All is subject to revision or refutation.
Science has improved our lives immeasurably precisely because it does not settle the question at hand. It merely suggests an explanation, until a better explanation emerges.
The experiments described in THE TEN MOST BEAUTIFUL EXPERIMENTS illustrate how science never rests. Johnson chose to include the ten experiments featured here specifically because each required inordinate cleverness of design. Some scientists are theorists. They propose scientific theories. But many scientists are lab rats. They design experiments to test theories. And the ingenuity of their designs is the subject matter of this book.
Highly recommended.
July 18, 2019
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في مقدمة الكتاب يخبرك الكاتب والعالم جورج جونسون
أنك لست ملزماً حقاً بالإيمان بأن هذه العشرة تجارب التي
ذكرها هي الأجمل إذ يمكن للقارئ " الإتيان بقائمة مختلفة ".
وخلال الكتاب يستعرض جونسون عشرة تجارب لكلاً من :
" غاليليو ، وليم هارفي ، نيوتن ، جول ، ميليكان ، بافلوف ،
مايكلسون ، لافوازيه ، جلفاني ، فاراداي " .
لم ينتقى جونسون التجارب من مجال واحد بل على العكس
اعتمد التنوع بين الفيزياء الحركية والكيمياء والجسم البشري
قد يبدو أن المحتوى ربما يكون صعب وعصي على الفهم
ولكن ما مميز الكتاب هو أسلوب الكاتب السهل.
كذلك من الأشياء التي أضافت للكتاب عمقاً تاريخاً أيضاً
هو ما أضافه المؤلف من معلومات عن الحياة الاجتماعية
والبيئة التي أحاطت بصاحب التجربة في حينه وأظن هذا
أحد الأسباب التي جعلت القائمين على مشروع كلمة بتصنيف
الكتاب بالمجالين العلمي " تجارب " والتاريخ .
وقد لاحظت غياب ذكر تجارب المرأة هنا و تدارك المؤلف هذا
فقام " على استحياء وعجالة " بلفت النظر إلى بعض العناصر
النسائية من أمثال ماري كوري مكتشفة الراديوم ، وليز مايتنر
رائدة تجارب الإنشطار النووي .
الأكيد أن عجلة العلم لا تقف ، وأن تجارب الأمس قد يأتي
في الغد ما يسرق بريقها أتمنى أن يكون لنا نحن العرب
نصيباً بها .
.
#على_الهامش : تعجبني إصدارات مشروع " كلمة ".🌸📚
.
#تمت
#أبجدية_فرح 4/5
#كتاب #أجمل_عشر_تجارب_على_الإطلاق
للمؤلف #جورج_جونسون ترجمة: طارق عليان.
صادر عن #هيئة_أبوظبي_للسياحة_والثقافة .
.
.
#كتاب_الشهر في #مبادرة_كتاب_في_يد_قارئ
#كتاب_في_يد_قارئ ~
.
.
#كتاب_تاريخي
#تحدي_استراحة_سيدات
#استراحة_سيدات
.
🌸🌸📚 .@candleflame23 .
#candleflame23bookreviews .
🌸 #غرد_بإقتباس
#حي_على_القراءة
#ماذا_تقرأ #ماذا_تقتبس #القراءة_حياة
#القراءة #القراءة_حياة_أخرى_نعيشها
#القراءة_ضرورة_وليست_هواية
#أصدقاء_القراءة #أصدقاء_الكتاب
#تصويري #الكويت_تقرأ
#اقتباسات_مصورة #إقتباسات #iread .
.
في مقدمة الكتاب يخبرك الكاتب والعالم جورج جونسون
أنك لست ملزماً حقاً بالإيمان بأن هذه العشرة تجارب التي
ذكرها هي الأجمل إذ يمكن للقارئ " الإتيان بقائمة مختلفة ".
وخلال الكتاب يستعرض جونسون عشرة تجارب لكلاً من :
" غاليليو ، وليم هارفي ، نيوتن ، جول ، ميليكان ، بافلوف ،
مايكلسون ، لافوازيه ، جلفاني ، فاراداي " .
لم ينتقى جونسون التجارب من مجال واحد بل على العكس
اعتمد التنوع بين الفيزياء الحركية والكيمياء والجسم البشري
قد يبدو أن المحتوى ربما يكون صعب وعصي على الفهم
ولكن ما مميز الكتاب هو أسلوب الكاتب السهل.
كذلك من الأشياء التي أضافت للكتاب عمقاً تاريخاً أيضاً
هو ما أضافه المؤلف من معلومات عن الحياة الاجتماعية
والبيئة التي أحاطت بصاحب التجربة في حينه وأظن هذا
أحد الأسباب التي جعلت القائمين على مشروع كلمة بتصنيف
الكتاب بالمجالين العلمي " تجارب " والتاريخ .
وقد لاحظت غياب ذكر تجارب المرأة هنا و تدارك المؤلف هذا
فقام " على استحياء وعجالة " بلفت النظر إلى بعض العناصر
النسائية من أمثال ماري كوري مكتشفة الراديوم ، وليز مايتنر
رائدة تجارب الإنشطار النووي .
الأكيد أن عجلة العلم لا تقف ، وأن تجارب الأمس قد يأتي
في الغد ما يسرق بريقها أتمنى أن يكون لنا نحن العرب
نصيباً بها .
.
#على_الهامش : تعجبني إصدارات مشروع " كلمة ".🌸📚
.
#تمت
#أبجدية_فرح 4/5
#كتاب #أجمل_عشر_تجارب_على_الإطلاق
للمؤلف #جورج_جونسون ترجمة: طارق عليان.
صادر عن #هيئة_أبوظبي_للسياحة_والثقافة .
.
.
#كتاب_الشهر في #مبادرة_كتاب_في_يد_قارئ
#كتاب_في_يد_قارئ ~
.
.
#كتاب_تاريخي
#تحدي_استراحة_سيدات
#استراحة_سيدات
.
🌸🌸📚 .@candleflame23 .
#candleflame23bookreviews .
🌸 #غرد_بإقتباس
#حي_على_القراءة
#ماذا_تقرأ #ماذا_تقتبس #القراءة_حياة
#القراءة #القراءة_حياة_أخرى_نعيشها
#القراءة_ضرورة_وليست_هواية
#أصدقاء_القراءة #أصدقاء_الكتاب
#تصويري #الكويت_تقرأ
#اقتباسات_مصورة #إقتباسات #iread .
August 17, 2011
The table of contents was not promising. The book promises the ten "most" beautiful experiments but doesn't have Rutherford discovering the nucleus? But it does have Galvani chopping up frogs to find out if they transmit electricity.
But as I read, I came to appreciate Johnson's idiosyncratic selections. Rather than reading the Nth treatment of classic experiments, he presents some very interesting and well-told vignettes. Especially of Galvani and the frogs. And Pavlov, who turns out to have loved his dogs.
Still, some of the vignettes, like Harvey Lavosier, were less engaging. And at some point, and this is a comment about the entire science history genre, you just do not want to spend the amount of effort the books requires to try to understand theories of two fluids pumped by the heart, phlogiston, and caloric just to learn how they were discovered to be wrong.
A final thought: someone should write a book on ten experiments that failed -- and discovered something much more important as a result. Michelson and Morley would be in it, not sure the other nine, which is why someone should write it.
But as I read, I came to appreciate Johnson's idiosyncratic selections. Rather than reading the Nth treatment of classic experiments, he presents some very interesting and well-told vignettes. Especially of Galvani and the frogs. And Pavlov, who turns out to have loved his dogs.
Still, some of the vignettes, like Harvey Lavosier, were less engaging. And at some point, and this is a comment about the entire science history genre, you just do not want to spend the amount of effort the books requires to try to understand theories of two fluids pumped by the heart, phlogiston, and caloric just to learn how they were discovered to be wrong.
A final thought: someone should write a book on ten experiments that failed -- and discovered something much more important as a result. Michelson and Morley would be in it, not sure the other nine, which is why someone should write it.
June 3, 2018
قراءة ثانية
📓أجمل عشر تجارب على الإطلاق
✍ تأليف : جورج جونسون
✍ ترجمة : طارق عليان
🗂 التصنيف : علمي
🗂عدد صفحات :257
🏡 دار النشر : هيئة أبوظبي للسياحة والثقافة - مشروع كلمة.
📝مستوى الكتاب : متوسط
📌التقييم : ⭐⭐⭐⭐
📚اﻷفكار الرئيسية :
🖊يستعرض الكاتب عشر تجارب في العلوم - وخاصة في مجال الفيزياء- تعتبر من افضل التجارب التي اثرت في العالم فنجد من العلماء جاليليو ,وليم هارفي ,اسحاق نيوتن,انطوان لوران لافوازييه,لوجي جالفاني,مايكل فاراداي,جيمس جول ,ألبرت ابراهام مايكلسون ,إيفان بافلوف و خيرا روبرت ميليكان.
🖊ارفق الكاتب في الخاتمة التجربة الحادية عشرة و اعتبرها الاجمل و قد ضمت العديد من الاسماء مثل ماري كوري ,ريتا ليفي مونتالسيني ,تشين شيونغ وو و غيرهم لينهي الكتاب بجملة "لعل التجربة الحادية عشرة الاجمل لم تجر بعد".
🖊اعتمد الكاتب الاسلوب القصصي عند حديثه عن التجارب فلا تجد صعوبة في فهم التجربة خاصة انه تم ارفاق رسوم توضيحية و احيانا مذكرات و يوميات في أغلب التجارب .
🖊اختار الكاتب ان يرفق مع كل تجربة صورة للعالم و اقتباس .
🖊عيب الكتاب الوحيد انه اقتصر على العلماء الغربيين فقط .
------------------------------------
كتاب ممتع و شيق ولكل الفئات خاصة بأسلوبه البسيط و معلومات المبسطه فيه
كتاب يحتوي على عشر تجارب اختارها الكاتب ليقوم بشرح كل تجربة
الممتع في الكتاب انه لا ينبغي ان تكون من هواة العلوم لتفهمه فالكاتب بسط المعلومات لدرجة تجعلك تفهمها
استمتعت بالكتاب جدا
📓أجمل عشر تجارب على الإطلاق
✍ تأليف : جورج جونسون
✍ ترجمة : طارق عليان
🗂 التصنيف : علمي
🗂عدد صفحات :257
🏡 دار النشر : هيئة أبوظبي للسياحة والثقافة - مشروع كلمة.
📝مستوى الكتاب : متوسط
📌التقييم : ⭐⭐⭐⭐
📚اﻷفكار الرئيسية :
🖊يستعرض الكاتب عشر تجارب في العلوم - وخاصة في مجال الفيزياء- تعتبر من افضل التجارب التي اثرت في العالم فنجد من العلماء جاليليو ,وليم هارفي ,اسحاق نيوتن,انطوان لوران لافوازييه,لوجي جالفاني,مايكل فاراداي,جيمس جول ,ألبرت ابراهام مايكلسون ,إيفان بافلوف و خيرا روبرت ميليكان.
🖊ارفق الكاتب في الخاتمة التجربة الحادية عشرة و اعتبرها الاجمل و قد ضمت العديد من الاسماء مثل ماري كوري ,ريتا ليفي مونتالسيني ,تشين شيونغ وو و غيرهم لينهي الكتاب بجملة "لعل التجربة الحادية عشرة الاجمل لم تجر بعد".
🖊اعتمد الكاتب الاسلوب القصصي عند حديثه عن التجارب فلا تجد صعوبة في فهم التجربة خاصة انه تم ارفاق رسوم توضيحية و احيانا مذكرات و يوميات في أغلب التجارب .
🖊اختار الكاتب ان يرفق مع كل تجربة صورة للعالم و اقتباس .
🖊عيب الكتاب الوحيد انه اقتصر على العلماء الغربيين فقط .
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كتاب ممتع و شيق ولكل الفئات خاصة بأسلوبه البسيط و معلومات المبسطه فيه
كتاب يحتوي على عشر تجارب اختارها الكاتب ليقوم بشرح كل تجربة
الممتع في الكتاب انه لا ينبغي ان تكون من هواة العلوم لتفهمه فالكاتب بسط المعلومات لدرجة تجعلك تفهمها
استمتعت بالكتاب جدا
April 9, 2015
ميزةُ كتابِ جورج جونسون الحائزِ على جائزةِ الصحافةِ العلميةِ ليس بذكرِ هذه التجاربِ العشرِ فقد تناولها قبلَه كثيرون ميزتُه تبقى أنَّه اتبعَ الأسلوبَ القصصي السردي وكأنَّها أشبهُ بقصةٍ تتداخلُ فيها عناصرُ خيالٍ لسدِّ ثغراتٍ لابد منها، وميزتُه الأخرى أّنه مطعَّمٌ بكثيرٍ من الرسوماتِ المستقاةِ من يومياتِ ومذكراتِ أولئك العلماءِ
هذه التجاربُ العشرُ هي تجاربٌ أثرتْ في العالَم بأسرِه، وخلقت ثورةً جديدةً كلٌّ في مجالِه وإنْ كان قد أهملَ علماءَ العربِ، والغريبُ أنها جميعها جوبهتْ بالرفضِ والنقدِ والسخريةِ والتشكيكِ وادعاء السرقةِ الفكريةِ إلا أنَّ بصيصَ الأملِ والإرادةِ جعَلَ منها تخرجُ للوجودِ
هذه التجاربُ العشرُ هي تجاربٌ أثرتْ في العالَم بأسرِه، وخلقت ثورةً جديدةً كلٌّ في مجالِه وإنْ كان قد أهملَ علماءَ العربِ، والغريبُ أنها جميعها جوبهتْ بالرفضِ والنقدِ والسخريةِ والتشكيكِ وادعاء السرقةِ الفكريةِ إلا أنَّ بصيصَ الأملِ والإرادةِ جعَلَ منها تخرجُ للوجودِ
December 26, 2016
In hindsight, not a book well suited for audio. Apart from that, I was not particularly impressed with the experiments the author chose to present, and at some points I found the writing too technical for the lay audience it seems to be targeted at. The trivia tidbits though were quite interesting.
November 18, 2014
هناك الكثير من الظواهر الطبيعية التي ننظر إليها اليوم بشكل طبيعي جداً بعد أن فهمنا آلية عملها، لكن من ٥٠ أو ١٠٠ أو ٢٠٠ سنة أو أكثر كانت هذه الظواهر غامضة ومحيرة للعلماء الذين كانوا يبذلون جهدهم بما يتوفر لديهم من أدوات وتقنيات عصرهم لفهمها وتفسيرها
من فهم القوانين التي تحكم حركة الأشياء إلى عملية فصل الإلكترونات من الذرات، مرورا بفهم ألوان قوس قزح خاصة والألوان عامة، ومحاولة قياس سرعة الصوت، وإنتاج الكهرباء وغيرها من التجارب العلمية الرائدة والتي غيرت مفهومنا ونظرتنا للكثير من الظواهر وساهمت في تطور العلوم وتقدمها، يأخذنا المؤلف برحلة رائعة وأسلوب مشوق ليروي لنا كيف تمت هذه التجارب وملابساتها وظروفها مما يزيدنا فهمًا للحيثيات العلمية والتاريخية لهذه الاكتشافات أو الاختراعات
من فهم القوانين التي تحكم حركة الأشياء إلى عملية فصل الإلكترونات من الذرات، مرورا بفهم ألوان قوس قزح خاصة والألوان عامة، ومحاولة قياس سرعة الصوت، وإنتاج الكهرباء وغيرها من التجارب العلمية الرائدة والتي غيرت مفهومنا ونظرتنا للكثير من الظواهر وساهمت في تطور العلوم وتقدمها، يأخذنا المؤلف برحلة رائعة وأسلوب مشوق ليروي لنا كيف تمت هذه التجارب وملابساتها وظروفها مما يزيدنا فهمًا للحيثيات العلمية والتاريخية لهذه الاكتشافات أو الاختراعات
March 21, 2014
It has been said that the greatest enemy of knowledge is not ignorance but the illusion of knowledge. That's a great line. I'm not sure but it seems to me that ignorance and the illusion of knowledge are one and the same. A great example of this is when J. J. Thomson said he found an electrically charged particle with an independent existence inside of an atom. People had trouble accepting electrons. After all, the word atom means uncuttable.
Experimental science began less than 400 years ago with Robert Boyle. He created the air pump. It could be moved about so others could confirm test results. Hearsay was no longer required. Air pumps became a form of entertainment as people put things like birds in them and sucked out the oxygen.
Boyle's experimental method was the impetus for the Royal Society. Their motto was Nullis in Verbia: Take nobody's word for it. Observations and conclusions were written in the painstaking form of modern science.
The search for beauty has been endless. Just ask any barhopper. Pythagoras thought the distance between heavenly bodies was harmonious: the music of the spheres.
Coleridge defined beauty as "unity in variety." Newton defining the fall of an apple with the motion of the moon is one example. Darwin's world changing discovery of evolution by natural selection is another.
1. Galileo rolls two balls of different weights down an inclined plane. A recent conclusion is that Galileo sang a simple tune to establish a rhythm. When Galileo's body was exhumed one century after his death to be moved to a better burial site, a finger and a tooth were removed from the body. The bones of the finger are now preserved in a reliquary like the bones of a saint pointing upward to the sky. It is located in the Museo di Storia della Scienza in Florence, Italy.
2. William Harvey studies the circulation of blood and the heart. He experimented with all sorts of animals. I hate to think of what was done to them. In the English civil war of 1642, his papers were taken. He survived and lived for 15 more years but never got over that great loss.
3. Isaac Newton experiments with prisms and color. He had to deal with many accusations of plagiarism and other criticisms.
4. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier studies fire, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. During the Reign of Terror, he was guillotined. One probably untrue story states that he promised to blink his eyes as many times as he could once he felt the blade touch his neck to show how long he lived after. This would show how humane the execution was.
5. Luigi Galvani discovered what he called "animal electricity" by experimenting with frogs. Eventually science would realize that each microscopic cell acts like a battery. Life is nothing but electrochemistry.
6. Michael Faraday found that electricity was entwined with magnetism and magnetism with light. Two decades later James Clerk Maxwell's famous equations showed that light is electromagnetism.
7. James Joule worked with experiments on heat. Carry them further and we realize that eventually the Earth will become uninhabitable because the heat within will be lost. Of course, carbon in the atmosphere will do considerable before that event. The same is true with the universe as a whole: It began with a bang and has been going downhill ever since.
8. A. A. Michelson studied aether in space. He viewed aether as "one of the grandest generalizations of modern science--of which we are tempted to say that it ought to be true even if it is not." He died a few months after meeting Einstein, whose theory of relativity would prove the true significance of their experiments: There is no fixed backdrop of space, or even of time. As we move through the universe, our measuring sticks stretch and shrink, our clocks run slower and faster--all to preserve the one true standard, not aether but the speed of light.
9. Ivan Pavlov treated his dogs better than other experimenters. He equated vivisection with smashing a watch to see how it ran. He preferred anesthesia and surgery. He sometimes resorted to acute experiments, but only with regret. "When I dissect and destroy a living animal, I hear within myself a bitter reproach that with rough and blundering hand I am crushing an incomparable artistic mechanism. But I endure this in the interest of truth, for the benefit of humanity." We are conscious automata. In 1935, an ornate fountain was built called Monument to a Dog with the busts of eight canines, water pouring from their mouths as they salute in salivation. It has this quote: "Let the dog, man's helper and friend since prehistoric times, offer itself as a sacrifice to science. But our moral dignity obligates us to ensure that this always occurs without unnecessary pain."
10. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiments caused some people to doubt his records.
Experimental science began less than 400 years ago with Robert Boyle. He created the air pump. It could be moved about so others could confirm test results. Hearsay was no longer required. Air pumps became a form of entertainment as people put things like birds in them and sucked out the oxygen.
Boyle's experimental method was the impetus for the Royal Society. Their motto was Nullis in Verbia: Take nobody's word for it. Observations and conclusions were written in the painstaking form of modern science.
The search for beauty has been endless. Just ask any barhopper. Pythagoras thought the distance between heavenly bodies was harmonious: the music of the spheres.
Coleridge defined beauty as "unity in variety." Newton defining the fall of an apple with the motion of the moon is one example. Darwin's world changing discovery of evolution by natural selection is another.
1. Galileo rolls two balls of different weights down an inclined plane. A recent conclusion is that Galileo sang a simple tune to establish a rhythm. When Galileo's body was exhumed one century after his death to be moved to a better burial site, a finger and a tooth were removed from the body. The bones of the finger are now preserved in a reliquary like the bones of a saint pointing upward to the sky. It is located in the Museo di Storia della Scienza in Florence, Italy.
2. William Harvey studies the circulation of blood and the heart. He experimented with all sorts of animals. I hate to think of what was done to them. In the English civil war of 1642, his papers were taken. He survived and lived for 15 more years but never got over that great loss.
3. Isaac Newton experiments with prisms and color. He had to deal with many accusations of plagiarism and other criticisms.
4. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier studies fire, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. During the Reign of Terror, he was guillotined. One probably untrue story states that he promised to blink his eyes as many times as he could once he felt the blade touch his neck to show how long he lived after. This would show how humane the execution was.
5. Luigi Galvani discovered what he called "animal electricity" by experimenting with frogs. Eventually science would realize that each microscopic cell acts like a battery. Life is nothing but electrochemistry.
6. Michael Faraday found that electricity was entwined with magnetism and magnetism with light. Two decades later James Clerk Maxwell's famous equations showed that light is electromagnetism.
7. James Joule worked with experiments on heat. Carry them further and we realize that eventually the Earth will become uninhabitable because the heat within will be lost. Of course, carbon in the atmosphere will do considerable before that event. The same is true with the universe as a whole: It began with a bang and has been going downhill ever since.
8. A. A. Michelson studied aether in space. He viewed aether as "one of the grandest generalizations of modern science--of which we are tempted to say that it ought to be true even if it is not." He died a few months after meeting Einstein, whose theory of relativity would prove the true significance of their experiments: There is no fixed backdrop of space, or even of time. As we move through the universe, our measuring sticks stretch and shrink, our clocks run slower and faster--all to preserve the one true standard, not aether but the speed of light.
9. Ivan Pavlov treated his dogs better than other experimenters. He equated vivisection with smashing a watch to see how it ran. He preferred anesthesia and surgery. He sometimes resorted to acute experiments, but only with regret. "When I dissect and destroy a living animal, I hear within myself a bitter reproach that with rough and blundering hand I am crushing an incomparable artistic mechanism. But I endure this in the interest of truth, for the benefit of humanity." We are conscious automata. In 1935, an ornate fountain was built called Monument to a Dog with the busts of eight canines, water pouring from their mouths as they salute in salivation. It has this quote: "Let the dog, man's helper and friend since prehistoric times, offer itself as a sacrifice to science. But our moral dignity obligates us to ensure that this always occurs without unnecessary pain."
10. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiments caused some people to doubt his records.
July 28, 2016
برأيي المتواضع التجربة رقم 11 هيه تجربة ماري كوري وقد تكون التجربة الأجمل :)
March 28, 2020
An engaging look at ten milestones in the history of science.
January 26, 2009
Probably wasted on this unscientific mind of mine, but I thoroughly enjoyed it and wouldn't hesitate to recommend it to anyone who's interested in things. Well written, easy to understand, and interesting.
Read
August 3, 2011New York Times science writes tells of ten unique, powerful experiments whose outcome revealed big secrets and brought about major changes in what we know and how we live.
March 6, 2014
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
September 25, 2018
Though I disagree with some of the choices, I enjoyed this book very much. The writing style is easy to read and understand, and I liked it until the last chapter, in which the author suddenly injects himself into the previously all third-person narrative. I did find the chapters involving vivisection and animal experimentation hard to read and, while the experiments themselves were elegant, the way animals were used makes them pretty ugly. If you are a lover of dogs or frogs you may want to skip this one. And no, there were no women in this book. Not a single one.
October 25, 2019
I used to be smart. Now, apparently, not so much. I don't know if it's because I'm not smart anymore, or because I was reading this in places where I couldn't concentrate on it as much as I should have, but a lot of it went over my head. I have a feeling that if I were still smart (*cry*) I would have understood more. I got the gist of the descriptions of all of the experiments, though, just not necessarily the details.
July 7, 2018
Too much technical jargon. Johnson does not take the time and space needed to describe the experiments thoroughly and show why they're beautiful. Each chapter needs to be about 3 times as long, or at least better explained. Also, heavily physics-focused, and there are so many experiments in biology that are just as beautiful, if not more.
October 13, 2020
صدقني أنا حاولت بس مفيش أي مساحة مشتركة بيني وبين الفيزياء
الكتاب هيبقي في منتهى اللطف لو أنت من عشاق الفيزياء
بس لو أنت أدبي أو مش بتحب الفيزياء ولا هي بتحبك فبلاش
الكتاب هيبقي في منتهى اللطف لو أنت من عشاق الفيزياء
بس لو أنت أدبي أو مش بتحب الفيزياء ولا هي بتحبك فبلاش
Read
June 13, 2017اعتقد ان هذه التجارب تحتاج للمشاهده وليس للقرائة.
February 15, 2023
كتاب عبارة عن أفضل عشر تجارب على مر العصور في وجهه نظر الكاتب فكل فصل عبارة عن تجربة لعالم تم شرحها بشكل مبسط و أحد التجارب هي:
▪︎أسرار القلب :بهذه التجربة تحدث عن
أكتشافات هارفي لأسرار القلب وكيفية تدفق
الدم في الأورد والشرايين.
▪︎شرح لحظات علمية والأهم من ذلك أنه يبين لنا العقول والشخصيات المثيرة للاهتمام التي أخرجت هذه التجارب لحيز الوجود بدءًا من تجارب غاليليو مع الحركة وحتى تجارب ميليكان على الإلكترون، ويقدم وصفًا مقنعًا للحياة اليومية وبحث مايكلسون عن راحة البال
▪︎أسرار القلب :بهذه التجربة تحدث عن
أكتشافات هارفي لأسرار القلب وكيفية تدفق
الدم في الأورد والشرايين.
▪︎شرح لحظات علمية والأهم من ذلك أنه يبين لنا العقول والشخصيات المثيرة للاهتمام التي أخرجت هذه التجارب لحيز الوجود بدءًا من تجارب غاليليو مع الحركة وحتى تجارب ميليكان على الإلكترون، ويقدم وصفًا مقنعًا للحياة اليومية وبحث مايكلسون عن راحة البال
March 15, 2011
This is a strange book. I want very much to like it, but the writing and subject matter is so uneven in some places that I can't quite bring myself to rate it higher than 'It was ok'. Allow me to explain why.
Let me start with the last chapter for if the entire book had been like this, it would have been far better. Here Johnson repeats Millikan's experiment, giving firsthand information on what the experiment was like. He mixes his own narration with the story of Millikan, making sure to link the two...Though even this feels a bit disconnected in some ways. For instance, I can't see a point in telling the reader about the store where he ALMOST bought "a Fluke 415B High Voltage Power Supply" (139)...It seems this 1.5 pages of 'almost' could have been better spent on the story of Millikan. Also, by the end of the chapter, Johnson has launched into a brief, disjointed retelling of a fight between Millikan and Fletcher (Millikan's assistant). Somewhere in between these things, the experiment happens.
I say somewhere because this chapter, like the other 9, is a bit uneven on how it explains things. I don't believe I'm a stupid person, but in many ways I had trouble following some of the experiments that Johnson set out to describe. For instance, I'm still a little perplexed as to HOW Millikan could deduce the existence of electrons from his experiment...Though I don't doubt that he did. I'm also confused as to exactly what Michelson did and why it mattered, though Johnson tries to explain it in very brief terms at the end of the section involving this experiment - he notes, cryptically, that Einstein's theories explained what Michelson was investigating...Though, again, I'm still not sure HOW.
I don't believe that my failure to understand is a result of the experiment; rather, I believe my failure to understand is a result of either: 1) Johnson's writing: He doesn't know how to explain this better; or, 2) Johnson's intended audience: He didn't think the average person such as myself would read his book, so he wrote to scientists instead. In either case, the book suffers for this lack of explanation. Johnson has a good idea with this book (and with a more thorough scientific background, others may enjoy it more…Though I would suggest you be familiar with historical scientific terms as well, since Johnson uses these in many places), but he needed a good editor to help him achieve his vision.
In short: If you can find this at a slight bargain, it may be worth your time…
Let me start with the last chapter for if the entire book had been like this, it would have been far better. Here Johnson repeats Millikan's experiment, giving firsthand information on what the experiment was like. He mixes his own narration with the story of Millikan, making sure to link the two...Though even this feels a bit disconnected in some ways. For instance, I can't see a point in telling the reader about the store where he ALMOST bought "a Fluke 415B High Voltage Power Supply" (139)...It seems this 1.5 pages of 'almost' could have been better spent on the story of Millikan. Also, by the end of the chapter, Johnson has launched into a brief, disjointed retelling of a fight between Millikan and Fletcher (Millikan's assistant). Somewhere in between these things, the experiment happens.
I say somewhere because this chapter, like the other 9, is a bit uneven on how it explains things. I don't believe I'm a stupid person, but in many ways I had trouble following some of the experiments that Johnson set out to describe. For instance, I'm still a little perplexed as to HOW Millikan could deduce the existence of electrons from his experiment...Though I don't doubt that he did. I'm also confused as to exactly what Michelson did and why it mattered, though Johnson tries to explain it in very brief terms at the end of the section involving this experiment - he notes, cryptically, that Einstein's theories explained what Michelson was investigating...Though, again, I'm still not sure HOW.
I don't believe that my failure to understand is a result of the experiment; rather, I believe my failure to understand is a result of either: 1) Johnson's writing: He doesn't know how to explain this better; or, 2) Johnson's intended audience: He didn't think the average person such as myself would read his book, so he wrote to scientists instead. In either case, the book suffers for this lack of explanation. Johnson has a good idea with this book (and with a more thorough scientific background, others may enjoy it more…Though I would suggest you be familiar with historical scientific terms as well, since Johnson uses these in many places), but he needed a good editor to help him achieve his vision.
In short: If you can find this at a slight bargain, it may be worth your time…
February 20, 2010
This is exactly what the title says--the ten most beautiful experiments as reckoned by the author, a science reporter for the New York Times among other publications. To clarify beautiful, his meaning is experiments that were performed by small groups or individuals rather that committees (the author points out the paper announcing the discovery of top quarks had over 400 contributors) and motivated by insatiable curiosity rather than economics.
With that in mind the author's list is as follows: Galileo (for his experiments with motion and friction), Newton, Lavoisier, Pavlov (for his famous beloved dogs), Joule, Harvey (who broke with classical views of anatomy to explain how the heart and circulation really work), Galvani (who discovered bioelectricity by sending an electrical charge thru severed frog legs), Millikan (who proved the existence of electrons with mineral oil, charged plates and a vacuum tube), Michelson (a Cleveland native whose almost forgotten experiments with mirrors and light laid some of the groundwork for relativity), and Farraday.
If you are interested in the history of science, there is a wealth of information in this slim book which clocks in around 150 pages followed by copious footnotes. This book made me wistful for the days when someone might shut themselves into a darkened room, sawing holes in shutters and moving a prism around to understand the nature of light as Newton did. I was less nostalgic for the days when someone stuck a needle behind their eyeball to figure out how the optic nerve perceived light (also Newton who fortunately didn't incur any permanent damage.)
Some of the experiments setups were complicated and difficult for me to visualize even with diagrams which makes the rating more of a 3.5 for me but this may be more my limitation than Johnson's as a writer. See what you think.
With that in mind the author's list is as follows: Galileo (for his experiments with motion and friction), Newton, Lavoisier, Pavlov (for his famous beloved dogs), Joule, Harvey (who broke with classical views of anatomy to explain how the heart and circulation really work), Galvani (who discovered bioelectricity by sending an electrical charge thru severed frog legs), Millikan (who proved the existence of electrons with mineral oil, charged plates and a vacuum tube), Michelson (a Cleveland native whose almost forgotten experiments with mirrors and light laid some of the groundwork for relativity), and Farraday.
If you are interested in the history of science, there is a wealth of information in this slim book which clocks in around 150 pages followed by copious footnotes. This book made me wistful for the days when someone might shut themselves into a darkened room, sawing holes in shutters and moving a prism around to understand the nature of light as Newton did. I was less nostalgic for the days when someone stuck a needle behind their eyeball to figure out how the optic nerve perceived light (also Newton who fortunately didn't incur any permanent damage.)
Some of the experiments setups were complicated and difficult for me to visualize even with diagrams which makes the rating more of a 3.5 for me but this may be more my limitation than Johnson's as a writer. See what you think.
March 9, 2016
كتاب علمي بأسلوب بسيط وسهل جيد الترجمة.
يأخذك الكتاب إلي رحاب العلم والعلماء إلي يومياتهم،ومذكراتهم عن تجاربهم،تعيش معهم شغفهم وإرادتهم للوصول إلي نتيجة مسبقة في خيالهم أرادوا لها مكانا في الواقع أو بحثا عما ستؤول إليه التجربة دون إستنتاج مسبق.
بما ان معرفتي بالتجارب العلمية ليست كبيرة فبإمكاني بسهولة أن أعتبر أن مجموعة التجارب تلك جميلة :-)
الكاتب في نهاية كتابه أضاف ما سماه التجربة الحادية عشر الاجمل ووضع اسماء كثيرة لعلماء اخرين وتجارب اخري وتساءل هو نفسه لم لم يجعلها من اجمل عشرة.الامر نسبي طبعا.
اردت ان ارفق بمراجعتي مجموعة فيديوهات للتجارب العشر التي ذكرها الكاتب :-)
1- https://youtu.be/ZUgYc6Bi46w جاليليو جاليلي الحركة علي سطح مائل
2- https://youtu.be/7NOU4McjtXs وليام هارفي والدورة الدموية
3- https://youtu.be/uucYGK_Ymp0 نيوتن طبيعة اللون
4- https://youtu.be/bG_jI1elWdQ انطوان لافوزييه ابو الكيمياء
4- https://youtu.be/sKxgtztBuFs جالفاني
5- https://youtu.be/jbC-m1F7NIM جالفاني
6- https://youtu.be/vwIdZjjd8fo مايكل فاراداي والكهرومغناطيسية
7- https://youtu.be/5yOhSIAIPRE جيمس جول والحرارة
8- https://youtu.be/5yOhSIAIPRE البرت مايكلسون وسرعة الضوء
9- https://youtu.be/CCF0XupEAyA إيفان بافلوف
10- https://youtu.be/T-rdPuwiTeg روبرت مليكان وشحنة الالكترون
يأخذك الكتاب إلي رحاب العلم والعلماء إلي يومياتهم،ومذكراتهم عن تجاربهم،تعيش معهم شغفهم وإرادتهم للوصول إلي نتيجة مسبقة في خيالهم أرادوا لها مكانا في الواقع أو بحثا عما ستؤول إليه التجربة دون إستنتاج مسبق.
بما ان معرفتي بالتجارب العلمية ليست كبيرة فبإمكاني بسهولة أن أعتبر أن مجموعة التجارب تلك جميلة :-)
الكاتب في نهاية كتابه أضاف ما سماه التجربة الحادية عشر الاجمل ووضع اسماء كثيرة لعلماء اخرين وتجارب اخري وتساءل هو نفسه لم لم يجعلها من اجمل عشرة.الامر نسبي طبعا.
اردت ان ارفق بمراجعتي مجموعة فيديوهات للتجارب العشر التي ذكرها الكاتب :-)
1- https://youtu.be/ZUgYc6Bi46w جاليليو جاليلي الحركة علي سطح مائل
2- https://youtu.be/7NOU4McjtXs وليام هارفي والدورة الدموية
3- https://youtu.be/uucYGK_Ymp0 نيوتن طبيعة اللون
4- https://youtu.be/bG_jI1elWdQ انطوان لافوزييه ابو الكيمياء
4- https://youtu.be/sKxgtztBuFs جالفاني
5- https://youtu.be/jbC-m1F7NIM جالفاني
6- https://youtu.be/vwIdZjjd8fo مايكل فاراداي والكهرومغناطيسية
7- https://youtu.be/5yOhSIAIPRE جيمس جول والحرارة
8- https://youtu.be/5yOhSIAIPRE البرت مايكلسون وسرعة الضوء
9- https://youtu.be/CCF0XupEAyA إيفان بافلوف
10- https://youtu.be/T-rdPuwiTeg روبرت مليكان وشحنة الالكترون
December 13, 2014
Some of the experiments in this book I was quite aware of, some not so much. For me the most interesting experiments had to do with thermodynamics. I had studied thermodynamics in college but when you study it nothing is really put in context (atomic and nuclear physics tend to be taught in part from an historical perspective). I had not really been exposed to the history of thermodynamics before and thus those experiments made more sense with their history explained. The first experiment was from Galileo and highlighted that while the results are correct the method might have been a bit shaky.
June 27, 2008
The writing was fairly technical, so I'm not sure if this book will work for the popular audience Johnson seems to want. Johnson didn't give much context or analysis about the implications of these experiments, which I would have found more enlightening than precise descriptions of exactly how the experiments were carried out. His choices are also very heavy on physics and experimentation on animals, neither of which are particular favorites of mine.
April 10, 2021
بعد انهاء هذا الكتاب المليء بالتجارب المبهرة ورأيت كيف يمكن اكتشاف شيء من شيء يبدو لا شيء كان من الممتع لو كان هذا الكتاب يُرى أكثر من كونه يُقرأ ففي بعض التجارب كنت اذهب مسرعة لرؤية التجربة على اليوتيوب والإستمتاع بها أكثر لكن للأسف ليست كُل التجارب مصورة او ربما كان علي البحث أكثر لإيجادها ، كانت لدي أمنية بقراءة انجازات العرب والمسلمين لانه بكل تأكيد هم الأساس لكثير من هذه الأفكار وكل ما وصلنا له حتى الآن ...
December 31, 2016
الكتاب علمي معظمه تجارب فيزيائية شرحها بشكل مبسط داعما اياها بالرسم..وغير ممل لان الكاتب كان يستعرض ظروف العالم المحيطة بالتجربة فيعطيك لمحة عن حياته ق��ل وبعد التجربة وعلاقة العلماء الاخرين بالتجربة محل البحث ... ولكن العنوان خاطيء فالكتاب ركز على التجارب الفيزيائية وايضا على منطقة اوروبا على الاغلب متجاهلا عدا ذلك ... الكتاب جيد ولكن من غير الانصاف الاقرار بتلك التسمية ....
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