In the book "Reversing Alzheimer's: The New Toolkit to Improve Cognition and Protect Brain Health" by Heather Sandison and Kate Hanley, readers are introduced to new approaches for addressing cognitive decline. Alzheimer's, often perceived as an inevitable diagnosis, is shown to be more complex than previously thought, and there are now emerging strategies that go beyond traditional pharmaceutical treatments. This book presents evidence suggesting that Alzheimer's can not only be delayed but potentially reversed. Sandison and Hanley offer a practical toolkit for brain health, with actionable steps that cater to both those directly affected by Alzheimer's and those looking to maintain cognitive vitality throughout their lives.
The book begins by challenging the traditional understanding of Alzheimer’s disease. For years, the focus of Alzheimer’s research has been on beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain, which were assumed to be the root cause of the disease. However, the authors reveal that most people, including those without cognitive issues, have these plaques and tangles. This points to a larger, more complex picture of Alzheimer’s, which is influenced by a variety of factors such as environmental toxins, poor nutrition, chronic stress, structural problems like sleep apnea, infections, and hormonal imbalances. This complexity underscores the need for a multifaceted approach to treatment and prevention.
Research has identified 12 modifiable risk factors that contribute to about 40 percent of dementia cases worldwide. These include factors like hearing loss, hypertension, smoking, and social isolation. By addressing these risk factors, the authors suggest that we can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing Alzheimer’s. They stress that a healthy diet, regular physical activity, maintaining social connections, and general self-care can greatly improve brain health. Therefore, instead of relying on a single drug to combat Alzheimer's, a comprehensive approach that addresses these lifestyle factors is recommended.
One of the primary recommendations is the creation of brain-boosting routines. Sandison and Hanley emphasize the power of daily routines in promoting brain health, particularly through evening and morning rituals. These routines can provide structure and help incorporate healthy habits that support cognitive function. The book outlines eight key tools for maintaining brain health: a nutrient-dense, high-fat, low-carb diet, regular exercise, brain-stimulating activities, supportive daily routines, a serene and non-toxic environment, restorative sleep, social connections, and self-care. While implementing all these tools may seem overwhelming, the authors encourage readers to take gradual steps, acknowledging that any movement toward better brain health is beneficial.
To help readers get started, the authors recommend keeping a journal dedicated to brain health goals and analyzing one’s daily schedule to find opportunities for incorporating brain-healthy habits. For example, an evening routine might include relaxing activities such as listening to music or playing games, followed by good sleep hygiene practices like dimming lights and setting a consistent bedtime. A morning routine might involve drinking a healthy beverage, meditating, or taking a walk in nature. By integrating these routines into daily life, people can support their brain health without feeling overwhelmed.
Exercise is another key component of the brain-health toolkit. While many view exercise as a way to maintain physical fitness, the authors highlight its profound effects on cognitive function. Regular physical activity increases blood flow to the brain, promotes the growth of new neurons, and supports learning and memory. It also creates a positive hormonal feedback loop that helps build muscle mass, strengthens bones, and improves mood and energy levels. A well-rounded exercise regimen that includes aerobic exercise, strength training, and dual-task training (which combines physical and cognitive challenges) can provide comprehensive benefits for brain health.
For caregivers, making exercise enjoyable and engaging for those with cognitive decline is crucial. Activities such as nature walks, dance classes, or even balloon volleyball can make physical activity feel less like a chore and more like a purposeful, enjoyable experience. The book reassures readers that it’s never too late to start reaping the cognitive benefits of exercise, no matter their fitness level.
Diet plays an equally vital role in brain health, with the ketogenic diet emerging as a powerful tool for improving cognitive function. This high-fat, low-carb eating plan shifts the body's fuel source from glucose to ketones, which the brain prefers for energy. The authors share stories of patients who experienced significant cognitive improvements after adopting a ketogenic diet, including one patient who regained the ability to remember his grandchildren’s names. While transitioning to a ketogenic diet can be challenging, the authors provide practical tips for making the adjustment, such as staying hydrated, consuming enough minerals, and being patient with the process.
The ketogenic diet isn't meant to be a permanent lifestyle change but rather a tool for achieving metabolic flexibility. After a few months of strict adherence, the goal is to cycle in and out of ketosis. This approach can help reverse cognitive decline and provide long-term brain health benefits. Caregivers are encouraged to introduce the diet in a positive and enjoyable way, focusing on the delicious foods that can be enjoyed on the plan rather than the restrictions.
In addition to diet and exercise, the environment plays a crucial role in brain health. The authors suggest making changes to the home environment to reduce toxic exposure and promote relaxation and renewal. For example, creating a sleep sanctuary in the bedroom with organic bedding, a cool temperature, and minimal light pollution can improve sleep quality, which is essential for cognitive function. Similarly, minimizing toxins in the kitchen, such as using glass or stainless steel containers instead of plastic, can help reduce chemical exposure. Decluttering living spaces, addressing potential mold issues, and spending time outdoors in nature are other recommendations for creating a brain-healthy environment.
The overall message of the book is that Alzheimer’s disease is not solely a result of genetics or bad luck; it is influenced by a wide range of factors that are often within our control. By taking a proactive, multifaceted approach that includes dietary changes, regular exercise, stress reduction, optimizing sleep, and creating a brain-healthy environment, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of cognitive decline. Sandison and Hanley emphasize that it’s never too early or too late to start caring for your brain, and even small steps toward better brain health can make a big difference in the long run. This book provides hope and practical solutions for anyone concerned about cognitive decline, offering a roadmap for maintaining brain health and vitality throughout life.