Was the space program the signature project of secular modernity or a symbol of humankind’s perpetual quest for communion with God? “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth . . .” In 1968 the world watched as Earth rose over the moonscape, televised from the orbiting Apollo 8 mission capsule. Radioing back to Houston on Christmas Eve, astronauts recited the first ten verses from the book of Genesis. In fact, many of the astronauts found space flight to be a religious experience. To Touch the Face of God is the first book-length historical study of the relationship between religion and the U.S. space program. Kendrick Oliver explores the role played by religious motivations in the formation of the space program and discusses the responses of religious thinkers such as Paul Tillich and C. S. Lewis. Examining the attitudes of religious Americans, Oliver finds that the space program was a source of anxiety as well as inspiration. It was not always easy for them to tell whether it was a godly or godless venture. Grounded in original archival research and the study of participant testimonies, this book also explores one of the largest petition campaigns of the post-war era. Between 1969 and 1975, more than eight million Americans wrote to NASA expressing support for prayer and bible-reading in space. Oliver’s study is rigorous and detailed but also contemplative in its approach, examining the larger meanings of mankind’s first adventures in “the heavens.”
To Touch the Face of God is an examination of the symbolism and conflicts of manned flight into space, of the “material and spiritual conception of God, heaven and an angelic host.” It delves into the political and religious history in the U.S. at the height of the Cold War and the realization that those “godless Soviets” had penetrated God’s heaven, while introducing a new weapon: the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile, ICBM.
There are, in fact, many questions author Oliver explores in his work, ranging from the individual spirituality and religiosity of the astronauts, to the effects of the race to the moon and advancements in technology on the nation’s religiosity. Were the Mercury, Gemini and Apollo space missions “godly or godless venture[s]?”