Spahr’s “Fuck You-Aloha-I Love You” is both an exploration of Hawaii’s politics as well as a personal poem about finding the poet’s identity as a foreigner. Even the provocative title is a demonstration of repetition: she pairs the American expletive “Fuck You” with the peaceful and affectionate Hawaiian term “Aloha” with the powerful, simple American term of endearment, “I Love You.” In each of her five poems, repetition easily moves us from line to line, page to page, and poem to poem. She repeats certain letters, sounds, words, phrases, lines, imagery, and themes to establish a beautiful and tropical rhythm, while also conveying various moods, such as playful, sorrowful, or displaced. The first thing I noticed was her repetitive illustrations, and I was curious what these tiny, stick-like figures meant after the title of each of her poems?
In “localism or t/here,” Spahr plays with the familiar phrasing neither “here” nor “there.” The speaker feels exiled in both love and location. I love the consonance used in this metaphor: “we are arrows of loving lostness.” Spahr also switches from first person plural “we are” to second person “you are” to show that even though she is surrounded by people that are: “coupled, doubled, tripled,” she still feels lonely. I enjoyed her half rhyme here: “rain/complaint,” where she characterizes the island, but I also found this line odd and out of place: “accepting of the refrigerator.” The words are clunky and don’t seem to fit in with her melodic repetition.
In, “Things,” Spahr injects island dialect to describe an out of place feeling. “Da kine” is repeated throughout the poem to describe emotions she cannot name. The term “Da kine” sounds very similar to the English word “kind,” but it is more complex and can mean anything. Spahr also repeats words from her previous poems and carries the theme over into her subsequent poems. For example, she uses the word “tear,” which carries multiple meanings because it can be read as a verb, to physically break apart, but it can also be read as a noun, a single tear that drips from the eye, meaning sadness. One of my favorite lines in this poem is “things are fragile far away.” I love how Spahr brings in the perspective of an astronaut; it’s very unexpected. She also uses a paradoxical repetition of “right/alright” with this phrase: “how things are not right yet how things will be alright.” All of her metaphors are fresh, from the clown to the mosh pit.
In “Gathering palolo stream,” Spahr continues her “things” theme with the repetition of the phrasing, “A place allows certain things.” She discusses cultural foods and traditions, and she plays with the term “right” once again. What is truly ours? Do we really have possessions? The more we try to acquire material things, the more we alienate ourselves. Property lines create barriers and restrictions from our community and deny the “gathering” and sharing that Hawaii is traditionally known for.
“Switching,” is laced with sexual innuendos; she uses tables and beds as metaphors. She also carries out the “gathering theme” from her previous poem. She sees sex as a pleasurable act, but it is also a way of interacting and communicating more meaningfully then talking. Sexual positions stand for different conversations. The table signifies the limitations we feel in public, while the bed signifies the freedom and desire we explore in private. Spahr also continues her theme of displacement. She is lost between the “I” and the “we” when she says: “I am lost between two places.” Perhaps she becomes more comfortable with uncertainty with this line: “I have abandoned sureness.” I particularly enjoyed the repetition of the “ing” verbs at the end of this poem: “Swelling/touching”; “listening/changing”; and “separation/joining.”
“A younger man, an older man, and a woman” was my least favorite poem. There is so much repetition that it becomes confusing and monotonous with the sexual positions stated over and over and the metaphor of a woman as a tower, younger man as support, and an older man as a bridge. The underlying theme here is learning how to balance, trust, and have faith in oneself.
In her final poem, “we,” Spahr injects more comedy into her repetitions, such as: “we who get married married married.” She observes the culture, but is also participating in it with the “we who” phrases. She judges her own ridiculousness, but perhaps to her, it’s a sign of success. She finally feels a part of the “we” on the island. I think this line is very telling: “there is no personal story without we.”