Review title: America's game
NFL football is unquestionably America's favorite sport, but baseball, from its deep historical roots to its obsession with data and its evolution by rule making and the occasional break-the-rules rebels,remains America's game. While the eyeballs and dollars that follow the NFL are mind-bogglingly huge, baseball stays in the heart of the American culture with its daily evolving story line from first pitch in April to last out of the World Series. Morris demonstrates and documents that passion in his books The Game of Inches. This volume covers innovations on the field, and a second volume covers off-field innovations in The Game Behind the Scenes.
Baseball's rule book is famously deep and arcane, but Morris shows how it evolved from a short list of just 20 rules written down by the Knickerbocker Club of New York in 1845. From this list barely a page long, Morris spends 500 pages describing the growth of the game through changes not just in rules but in batting, pitching, fielding, and baserunning. In fact, he summarizes the biggest changes in the way the game has been played to this short list of two:
1. Fielding gloves.
2. Dominance of pitching
Defense in the early game was spotty at best, limited both by the bare-handed fielder's reach and control of the ball and the roughly manicured fields that made fielding grounders an adventure. Like many of the innovations, gloves were first mocked as unmanly by the players and unsportsmanlike by traditionalists. Nearly every innovation Morris documents was greeted by a chorus of disapprovals and certainty of the impending apocalypse if the innovation took hold.
While the modern perception is that good pitching beats good hitting and equals good baseball, in fact in the early game pitchers were just supposed to feed the ball to hitters to initiate the real action of hitting, running, and scoring. But pitchers quickly started to dominate the game and the rules makers started a losing battle to try to reduce their influence. Since that time the equipment, athletes, and rules have resulted in eras alternating between low scoring (the 20 years of the dead ball era around the turn of the 20th century and the pitcher dominated decade of the 1960s) and offensive domination (Babe Ruth's 1920s and the 20 years of the steroid era around the turn of the 21st century).
While this volume is about how the game is played on the field, it also contains sections on managing, strategy, equipment, uniforms, and trickery, which dates back to the earliest days of the Knickerbocker rules. And of course, as is only fitting for the game with no clock, Morris concludes with a section on timeouts; interestingly, he believes that fans of those first 19th century clubs would be shocked about how slow-paced today's game is played, a change he attributes in large part as a reaction to the dominance of pitching.
Just like baseball's rule book, Morris uses chapter, section, and subsection headings to organize his material, and while not all follow the exact same format, he generally tries to find the original documented source of the innovation, which this being baseball is of course usually in dispute, and with so many of the sources bring 19th century newspaper reports, often poorly documented. He is very scrupulous in sourcing his evidence--the section on the curve ball is 18 pages long and heavily reference due to its controversial history, even though most sections are two pages or less--and provides an extensive bibliography and an index of names.
Morris is very explicit this is not a book of statistics, records or "firsts"--such as first grand slam or first no-hitter--on the field, for which there are dozens of other sources. But it is a fun source book for fans of the history and growth of the game. This will become a reference shelf item in my library, and I'll be adding the second volume on off-field innovations to my reading wish list.