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Le Cycle de la Belle Dame sans mercy

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Ce recueil poétique important, transmis par une douzaine de manuscrits, n'a jusqu'ici jamais été imprimé en entier. Ce volume en offre la première édition critique, d'après un excellent manuscrit du XVe siècle, et la première traduction en français moderne. Alain Chartier (c. 1385-1430) est peut-être l'auteur français le plus lu tout au long du XVe siècle (presque 200 manuscrits ont transmis un ou plusieurs de ses ouvrages), mais depuis la Renaissance sa fortune s'est éclipsée au profit de celui qui sera le " poète maudit " de la génération suivante, François Villon. Pourtant, son poème le plus connu, La Belle Dame sans Mercy , fit scandale et suscita de vives réactions sous forme de continuations et d'imitations, une vingtaine au total. Dans le poème initial, sorte de dialogue amoureux, la Belle Dame du titre oppose des refus subtils aux arguments de son prétendant, au point que celui-ci finit par mourir de chagrin. Les premiers lecteurs protestèrent contre cette image féminine si néfaste pour l'idéal de l'amour courtois ; dans les continuations fictives, la Belle Dame est accusée de meurtre devant le tribunal du Dieu d'Amour et finit par être condamnée. Fruit d'une inspiration bourgeoise et légèrement satirique, cette survie de La Belle Dame offre une image fascinante de la courtoisie en pleine décadence, au moment où la Guerre de Cent Ans tire à sa fin, ainsi qu'un exemple concret de la réception poétique à cette époque si peu connue.

Ce dossier poétique important, transmis par une douzaine de manuscrits, n'a jusqu'ici jamais été imprimé en entier. Ce volume en offre la première édition critique, d'après un excellent manuscrit du XVe siècle, et la première traduction en français moderne.

610 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1949

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About the author

Alain Chartier

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Alain Chartier (ou Charretier, en latin « Alanus Auriga »), né vers 1385/90 à Bayeux, mort vers 1430 (le 20 mars 1430?), sans doute à Avignon, est un poète, diplomate, orateur et écrivain politique français, ayant écrit à la fois en latin et en moyen français.

Alain Chartier (or Charretier, in Latin "Alanus Auriga"), born around 1385/90 in Bayeux, died around 1430 (March 20, 1430?), probably in Avignon, was a French poet, diplomat, orator and political writer, having written both in Latin and in Middle French.

(Source: fr.wikipedia.org)

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Profile Image for James F.
1,703 reviews124 followers
May 7, 2025
Alain Chartier’s La Belle Dame sans mercy is one of the best-known poems of the late Middle Ages in France. It gave rise to a number of continuations and replies (referred to collectively as the Querelle de La Belle Dame sans mercy) and remained popular longer than most other poetry of the period; along with the Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun’s massive Roman de la Rose it was read up until the Renaissance reached France. Chartier’s poem is much shorter, about fifty pages in the (1901) edition I read. (The first half of the book is an introduction by the editor, Lucien Charpennes, which discusses the poet’s life, arguing that after having been a high official of the King for a time he was in disgrace up until about the time this was written – something that I have not seen any evidence for in anything else I have read about him; he was of course in exile with the court of the Dauphin during the war with Henry V and Burgundy – and his other works, both poetry and prose in both Latin and French.)

After a short prologue, the poem is a debate between a lover and his maistresse; his part of the debate is a fairly normal example of courtly love poetry, similar to what I read last month by Guillaume de Machaut, professing his service to the lady, but hers is quite outside the norm for mediaeval poetry. She basically considers this rather pathetic lover to just be annoying, and tells him essentially to get over her, she doesn’t believe his verbal claims and in any case doesn’t recognize his service as obliging her in any way. Charpennes describes the poem as “feminist”.

The book also includes the Excusation, Chartier’s defense of the poem which hardly seems convincing or even sincerely meant.

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