Mapping the Invisible Landscape: Folklore, Writing, and the Sense of Place

by Kent C. Ryden

Any landscape has an unseen a subjective component of experience, memory, and narrative which people familiar with the place understand to be an integral part of its geography but which outsiders may not suspect the existence of—unless they listen and read carefully. This invisible landscape is make visible though stories, and these stories are the focus of this engrossing book.

Traveling across the invisible landscape in which we imaginatively dwell, Kent Ryden—himself a most careful listener and reader—asks the following questions. What categories of meaning do we read into our surroundings? What forms of expression serve as the most reliable maps to understanding those meanings? Our sense of any place, he argues, consists of a deeply ingrained experiential knowledge of its physical makeup; an awareness of its communal and personal history; a sense of our identity as being inextricably bound up with its events and ways of life; and an emotional reaction, positive or negative, to its meanings and memories.

Ryden demonstrates that both folk and literary narratives about place bear a striking thematic and stylistic resemblance. Accordingly, Mapping the Invisible Landscape examines both kinds of narratives. For his oral materials, Ryden provides an in-depth analysis of narratives collected in the Coeur d'Alene mining district in the Idaho panhandle; for his consideration of written works, he explores the “essay of place,” the personal essay which takes as its subject a particular place and a writer's relationship to that place.

Drawing on methods and materials from geography, folklore, and literature, Mapping the Invisible Landscape offers a broadly interdisciplinary analysis of the way we situate ourselves imaginatively in the landscape, the way we inscribe its surface with stories. Written in an extremely engaging style, this book will lead its readers to an awareness of the vital role that a sense of place plays in the formation of local cultures, to an understanding of the many-layered ways in which place interacts with individual lives, and to renewed appreciation of the places in their own lives and landscapes.

Genres: Nonfiction, Folklore

362 pages, Kindle Edition

First published January 1, 1993

Reviews

[Michael Kleen · Rating 5 out of 5]

First published in 1993 by the University of Iowa Press, the importance of Mapping the Invisible Landscape: Folklore, Writing, and the Sense of Place by Kent C. Ryden cannot be understated. Alongside The Last Laugh by Raymond Moody, it is one of the few books that has fundamentally changed my perception of the study of folklore and ghost stories.

Over the years, I’ve had a number of scattered thoughts on the subject that this book suddenly arranged into a clear picture. Just like that, a light bulb turned on and put everything into perspective. The idea that folklore is fundamental to how we understand and experience the places in which we live is simple, but often overlooked. The author, Kent Ryden, holds a Ph.D. in American Civilization from Brown University. He was awarded the American Studies Association’s Ralph Henry Gabriel Dissertation Prize in 1991 for an earlier version of the book.

Mapping the Invisible Landscape is divided into five essays. The first, “Of Maps and Minds: The Invisible Landscape,” the second, “Folklore and the Sense of Place,” and the fifth, “The Essay of Place: Themes in the Cartography of the Invisible Landscape,” are the three most important. The remaining two essays are just detailed examples of the theories developed elsewhere in the book using history, geography, and literature.

If Mapping the Invisible Landscape has a flaw, it’s that it tends to get bogged down in rich, detailed descriptions that start to meander away from the central theme. Though interesting, the third and fourth essays can be skipped in their entirety without taking anything away from the book.

Ryden’s fundamental insight is that places hold meaning for us, and that folklore is an important vehicle for expressing that meaning. Maps only convey a limited amount of information about a place. Physical geography is limited to a stark, black and white description of the landscape and says nothing about the wealth of human experience there. Ryden calls this collection of stories, recollections, feelings, and history the “Invisible Landscape.” It is the meaning we impose on the physical world, a meaning that is exclusive to human experience.

As people inhabit the land, they develop a sense of place. “Places” are not found on maps. They are fusions of experience, landscape, and location, bound up with time and memory. People form sentimental attachments to places. In “Folklore and the Sense of Place,” Ryden explains how folklore is often the vehicle with which we express our sense of place.

What this suggests is that folklore is a critical part of how people form an emotional attachment to a particular place, a place they come to call “home.” It is why, when I move to a new area, I learn as much as I can about local legends. It helps me gain a better appreciation for the local people and culture. “Stories–and folklore in general–are inextricably linked with landscapes, overlying them snugly, bound to them and coloring them like paint on a barn wall,” Ryden writes. “They are a central means by which people organize their physical surroundings.”

Place names, particularly folk names, reveal a great deal about the meaning of a place for the people who live there. They may commemorate an historic event, a well-known resident, or unique feature. Names like “the Devil’s Punchbowl” or “Dead Man’s Trail” immediately invoke feelings, stories, and memories in the minds of local residents.

Mapping the Invisible Landscape is a must-read for anyone interested in folklore and ghost stories. Understanding the ideas and concepts expressed in this book is fundamental to understanding folklore’s relationship to human experience, and why it is so important to our culture. Piece by piece and insight by insight, Kent C. Ryden builds a solid case for the intimate connection between folklore and geography. Unfortunately, the book’s academic tone has limited its popular appeal, but I hope someday it will become more widely circulated among the general public.

[Abby]

The sad truth is that I’m unimpressed by the scholarship here. Or maybe I hate folklore studies? I hope not. It might simply be the distance of thirty years from publication and my scarring from recent politics. Ryden approaches folk culture with romanticism, and I have reason to be wary of its toxicity. Ryden is flippant in his designation of “insiders” and “outsiders” in a way that makes me intensely anxious, knowing how potent and unpredictable those categories can be. He makes no attempt to answer the question of when a resident becomes a local (How many years? How many generations?) or whether the strength of a person’s sense of place can be a factor. He creates a dichotomy between “cerebral” and “experiential” knowledges of place, a dichotomy I hate. Reading about places makes me want to go there; going places makes me want to read about them. Having a thing for maps doesn’t mean I don’t have real experiences or pay attention to unmapped aspects of the land.

But really this makes me wonder: what good is the study of sense of place? What does it tell us, what light does it shine? Can folklore studies help us understand the toxicity of the internet? Can they help us navigate political divisions in small towns? Can the way we tell stories about places help us reconstitute categories of insider and outsider, or not? Are they politically useful? Do they get people rights that have been denied? Do they protect people when the chips are down? I want the answer to be yes, but it would take a deep reading of this book to come up with examples.

This book also has a Preface, a Foreword, and a Prologue, which seems excessive. Thank goodness they decided against an Introduction.

[Chris Antonsen · Rating 4 out of 5]

I love this book, and the idea of the "invisible landscape" is very useful and appealing.