Filipinas dentro de cien años

by José Rizal

Filipinas dentro de cien años es un ensayo que muestra la visión de José Rizal sobre el futuro de su país y su llamado a la unidad, la educación y el progreso. Esta obra muestra el pensamiento y las ideas de Rizal como líder nacionalista, y es un documento fundamental para comprender la lucha por la independencia de Filipinas. Filipinas dentro de cien años empieza con un repaso a la historia de Filipinas, haciendo hincapié en la destrucción de la cultura y los valores nativos tras la conquista española. Al observar los desarrollos sociopolíticos de otras colonias españolas en Hispanoamérica, Rizal concluye que Filipinas permanecerá bajo dominio español solamente si a los filipinos se les concede algún derecho democrático, como la libertad de expresión y la representación en Cortes. Rizal rechaza los argumentos contrarios a la reforma, advirtiendo que el cambio tardío y obligado por el pueblo será violento, mientras que un cambio a tiempo, impulsado por las altas instancias, será pacífico. También subraya que aunque los filipinos tienen cosas que agradecer a España, no se puede pretender que renuncien a sus legítimas aspiraciones de independencia. En Filipinas dentro de cien años José Rizal también vaticina el rechazo de los filipinos a la posibilidad de caer bajo soberanía americana.

Genres: Nonfiction, Classics

52 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1889

About the author

Spanish exiled Philippine reformer and writer José Rizal from 1892 to 1896 for his political novels, later arrested him, and executed him for sedition; his death helped to fuel an insurrection against rule from 1896 to 1898.

José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda, a polymath nationalist, most prominently advocated during the colonial era. Poeple consider him the national hero and commemorate the anniversary of his death as a holiday, called Rizal day. His military trial made him a martyr of the revolution.

The seventh of eleven children to a wealthy family in the town, Rizal attended the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, earning a Bachelor of Arts. He enrolled in medicine and philosophy and letters at the University of Santo Tomas and then traveled alone to Madrid, Spain, where he continued his studies at the Universidad Central de Madrid, earning the licentiate in medicine. He attended the University of Paris and earned a second doctorate at the University of Heidelberg. Rizal, a polyglot, conversed at least in ten languages. He was a prolific poet, essayist, diarist, correspondent, and novelist whose most famous works were his two novels, Noli me Tangere and El filibusterismo. These are social commentaries on the Philippines that formed the nucleus of literature that inspired dissent among peaceful reformists and spurred the militancy of armed revolutionaries against the Spanish colonial authorities.

As a political figure, Rizal was the founder of La Liga Filipina, a civic organization that subsequently gave birth to the Katipunan led by Andrés Bonifacio and Emilio Aguinaldo. He was a proponent of institutional reforms by peaceful means rather than by violent revolution. The general consensus among Rizal scholars, however, attributed his martyred death as the catalyst that precipitated the Philippine Revolution.

Reviews

[Ella · Rating 4 out of 5]

Jose Rizal elaborately writes about issues in that period. It reaffirms the hold of Spanish on Filipino culture. This account also includes Rizal's personal sentiments on rebellion, the crime he was executed for.

I have read Rizal's biography as part of my Rizal class in college. There was not any mention that he was betrayed by his fellow countrymen. However, that version was one supporting Valenzuela's claim that Rizal was in favor of rebellion. Just recently I came across an article which contains details of the authenticity of Valenzuela's memoir containing conversation he had with Rizal stating the latter's encouragement to push through with the rebellion, which was not consistent with actual events as noted on public documents.

Rizal was fully aware of the system of the Spanish regime, and yet he somehow presumed that his defense would be enough to be vindicated. He had lived with the prejudice and oppression of the Spanish to be certain that his efforts to justify would be in vain.

In his letter he did not seem to embrace their sentence for him, or appear to be the martyr willing to die for his cause, as it was not his. He had opportunities to make his escape but somewhat hoped to be given fair trial, which was a naive move.

This account expresses the betrayal he suffered at the hands of those who badly wanted liberty, but could not take accountability...

[Johann · Rating 5 out of 5]

- 5 stars !

Jose Rizal has always shown his l devotion towards our country since his first novel, Noli Me Tangere, was released in the midst of a miserable era for Filipinos. When Spain proceeded to colonize the Philippines in the 1500s, our ancestors were treated poorly under the rule of people who claimed our land as theirs for a long-term period. But when colonization stayed long enough for our people to grow weary of their silenced voices, heroes of the Philippines began to rise, kindling a fire to encourage our kind to claim the land that was once ours.

This novel enlightened our ancestors to a new path of redemption for the greater good, with prejudice and inequality surrounding our kind each way their feet led them to, Jose Rizal created a movement that made Filipinos follow his steps by using ink and paper.

He defended, disciplined, and taught us in such a short number of pages. It's admirable to see his creation impact an immature generation with his words. His voice, heard above the letters, the exclamation of pride for having Filipino blood inspired me to learn more about our country's history. Jose Rizal surely is brilliant.

[a · Rating 4 out of 5]

took me a considerably long time to finish this essay because i'm still adjusting to rizal's phraseology and had to reread a couple of paragraphs to digest their meaning but the mental toil was worth it. not only did rizal present the prospective fate the philippines could befall under; he also stressed the need to establish a firm national identity if the inevitable revolution was to succeed in bringing us independence. we glossed over this essay in our rizal course and only discussed the possible futures rizal forecasted without having the opportunity to digest the book as our reading assignment and i'm glad to have taken the initiative. it gave me a clearer socio-political context on the status quo of the filipino consciousness during the time of spanish colonization.

it’s interesting how rizal laid out every possibility with such calculated foresight as if anticipating the very paths history might take depending on how people responded or failed to respond. he was right about two things: 1) the inevitable revolution and 2) the philippines being occupied by a different colonial power in the region (the usa) after spain. also, the idea that colonialism not only occupied our lands but also disoriented our sense of self feels like something he kept circling back to. his warnings about losing the ability to define ourselves on our own terms read less like abstractions and more like a slow unraveling we’re still somehow caught in. found myself connecting this tuck and yang's argument in "decolonization is not a metaphor" as to how colonialism distorts consciousness and how confronting the full depth of that disorientation is necessary if real liberation is to happen.

[Roberto D. · Rating 5 out of 5]

Book 149 out of 200 books
"The Philippines A Century Hence" by Jose Rizal

Jose Rizal's political and prophetical treatise, "The Philippines A Century Hence" is Rizal's view of what the Philippines in in a Hundred years following its Independence.

MY THOUGHTS:
You can see Rizal's prophetical skills in this work. But we Filipinos can do better by simply improving ourselves, then improve our families then finally, we can join altogether in Developing our nation. It is through 60 pages that our national hero wanted so much and expected a lot for us Filipinos and the Nation.

[Edrelyn Ular]

wew

[Wndng Reads · Rating 5 out of 5]

Rizal indeed is a brilliant man.

[Josh · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is my first time seriously engaging Rizal in his native Spanish. Truly he made a formidable case for the persistence of the Philippine province of Spain, which lives any sober modern Filipino only to wonder. The emotion in his writing is striking, to the extent of the reader’s understanding of the context, and certainly his capacity to connect the present to the past.

Surprisingly, Rizal’s Spanish was highly accessible to me, and I do not consider myself fluent in Spanish. Granted – reading via Kindle has its advantages, i.e. I have had to long press more than several words to uncover the meaning. This is also to say that reading other languages via Kindle was a better experience than I thought. I did not need to ask Siri to translate a word even once. That said, those with basic Spanish may want to grab a good translation in English instead.

[fooleveunder · Rating 2 out of 5]

I started reading this because this was our report, which consisted of three groups. Despite being assigned an introduction part, I ended up reading the whole content.

Indeed, Rizal was a brilliant Filipino. Rizal showed facts that supported his claim that reform should be done in the Philippines: press freedom and representation in the Spanish parliament. He also elaborated on how the Spaniards destroyed the culture and knowledge of the people, making them recite rays they did not comprehend. Filipinos seek education, but Spaniards do not allow it. Representation is necessary, or else revolution for freedom is inevitable. Rizal also envisioned the possibility of the U.S.A. being the next conqueror of the country, which became true. Various analogies were presented, which made his claims encouraging and believable.

These are his quotes that I loved in this work:

“Necessity is the most powerful divinity the world knows, and necessity is the resultant of physical forces set in operation by ethical forces.”

“Wealth brings with it refinement, the spirit of conservation, while poverty inspires adventurous ideas, the desire to change things, and has little care for life.”

“No one ceases to be a man, no one forfeits his rights to civilization merely by being more or less uncultured.”

“Justice is the foremost virtue of the civilizing races. It subdues the barbarous nations, while injustice arouses the weakest.”

“A nation acquires respect, not by abetting and concealing abuses, but by rebuking and punishing them.”