Steinbeck is best known as a chronicler of the 1930s. In this book, the day-to-day reality of those times (and others) is recorded even more sharply than in his fiction. Vivid, searching, often surprising, this collection of articles is a worthy complement to the Steinbeck canon.
Steinbeck recalls the 1930s not with bitterness but with nostalgia. The simplicity of the life he lived came to seem right and good. He learned to live comfortably and contentedly on less than fifty dollars a month; when larger sums finally came his way, his first reaction was terror. He shunned cities (‘closed and shuttered industrial cemeteries’), preferring to settle close to the sea and live off its bounty. A large part of his daily protein food came from the sea, and he raised vegetables all year round - kale, lettuce, chard, turnips and carrots. He never peeled a potato without planting the skins. Keeping clean, however, was an enduring difficulty. For a time he used a soap made of pork fat, wood ashes and salt. It took the future Nobel Prize winner ‘much sunning’ to get the stench out of his sheets.
The stand-out pieces are ‘Dubious Battle in California’, ‘The Harvest Gypsies’ and ‘Starvation Under the Orange Trees’ - and I will not do Steinbeck the disservice of quoting them. These are the seeds from which The Grapes of Wrath sprung, and rival that great novel's punching power. Duller pieces follow, mostly about writing, adaptations of his books and who starred in them. Thankfully we shift to his dispatches from World War 2. Denied entrance to the US army, Steinbeck's value as a reporter was quickly recognised. His reportage plays to his lifelong strength of seeing big events through the ‘little’ people’s eyes. When posted in England he notes the success of the Dig for Victory campaign with pride. He observes the girls ‘who have shot enemies out of the sky and gone back to mending socks.’ In Dover, he observes the British quality that will lead them to triumph over Fascism - ‘they are incorrigibly, incorruptibly unimpressed.’
His later reports on the Vietnam War outraged even dedicated fans. What they could not understand was how someone who hated the bullies at home also hated the bullies overseas. If you think the Vietnam War was wrong, you may agree that Steinbeck at least was sincerely wrong in supporting it. A lifelong Democrat who idolised FDR and the New Deal, he hated the very notion of Communism. Other writers (such as John Updike) perhaps made more nuanced cases for the war. But few writers troubled to fly there, don fatigues, and live among the troops - which included two of Steinbeck’s grown sons.
Journalism floors jingoism early on. Big battles, he notes, are like a bullfight, with lines established and clear. But Vietnam was a war with no fronts and no rear. It was everywhere, like ‘a thin, ever-present gas.’ Any person, any place, may erupt without warning into Armageddon. Steinbeck did not demonise the enemy but didn't avert his eyes when they placed machine guns inside peasant houses next to the captured children.
If Steinbeck lacks the finished edge of an Ernest Hemingway, he has far more heart, and heart may, in the end, offer greater riches. This book is full of them.