Book: Perversion of India's Political Parlance
Author: Sita Ram Goel
Publisher: Voice of India (1995)
Paperback, 65 pages
Language: English
Item Weight: 118 g
Country of Origin: India
Price: 75/-
This book speaks of the imperfect contours of Indian nationalism.
Let us initiate discussing this book with Sociology. Let us try and characterize Culture.
Tylor defines, culture as that multifaceted ‘whole’, which includes knowledge, conviction, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities acquired by man as a member of society
Malinowski characterizes culture as the ‘handiwork of man and the medium through which he achieves his end’.
According to Bierstedt, ‘culture is the complex whole that consists of everything we think and do and have as members of society’.
From above definitions it is comprehensible that in Sociology culture is used in a precise sense which is dissimilar from the one we have in common parlance.
People often call an educated man, a cultured man and regard that man as uncultured who is lacking in education.
In Sociology we use the word to denote acquired behaviours, which are shared by and transmitted among the members of the society. It is an accretion which a new generation inherits. It is heritage into which a child is born.
Thus, the indispensable point in regard to culture is that it is acquired by man as a member of society and persists through tradition. The necessary aspect in this acquisition through tradition is the capability to learn from the group.
Man learns the behaviour and behaviour which is learnt denotes his culture.
What is Indian culture then?
Let us turn back to Kautilya. At the very outset of the Chanakya Neeti he says –
Firstly, I bow my head to Vishnu
The preserver lord of the triple-world*
And enunciate the code of regal conduct
From numerous scriptures culled
India, as a nation, as a culture, as a civilization, is exclusive, typically because of its wide-ranging cultures and traditions.
We always invoke celestial blessings before starting anything new, regardless of our caste or religion, in the belief that this prayerful gesture at the beginning of a project will help us carry it out successfully, and finish it without any obstruction.
Similarly, Chanakya starts Chanakya Neeti by invoking Lord Vishnu.
He writes: “First and foremost, I bow my head to Lord Vishnu.” This is a sign of acquiescence. Chanakya was a person of high intellect but he knew that one needs to surrender one’s ego to God.
Sanatana Dharma views human life and the world drama as a deva-asura-sangrama, that is a battle between the forces of light and darkness. But the battle is not defined as a battle between different sections of human society on the basis of belief or disbelief in a particular dogma. Instead that battle is perceived as a perpetual struggle that takes place in the arena of human nature between animal appetites on the one hand and aspirations for a larger, deeper and divinized life on the other.
It is in this perspective that Sanatana Dharma classifies different doctrines into two categories.
There are doctrines which are meager rationalisations of the lower in human nature and behaviour. There are doctrines which are repositories of the higher in human consciousness and character. The Gita had a whole chapter, the deva-asura-sampadvibhaga-yoga, on this particular theme.
This has been the foundation for the language of Indian nationalism.
The freedom movement against British imperialism since the Revolt of 1857 had witnessed a debate between two schools of thought. On the one hand, there were those who regarded British rule in India as a divine dispensation and aspired to remould India in the image of 19th century Britain, particularly in the matter of political institutions.
They dominated the Indian National Congress till the Swadeshi Movement swept them away. M.N. Roy refers to them as bourgeois liberals, modern intellectuals, fundamental leaders, moderates, radical intelligentsia and also as denationalised intellectuals -- a name bestowed upon them by the opposite school of thought.
In contrast, there were those who regarded the British rule as a malevolence imposed upon India by force of arms and who wanted to build a liberated India on account of values and visions enshrined in India's antique civilization and theology.
They came to the fore in the Indian National Congress during the Swadeshi Movement and took authority of the freedom movement under Mahatma Gandhi.
Roy refers to them as conventional nationalists, rdical nationalists, extremists and Hindu nationalists. He makes a distinction between Hindu nationalism and Indian nationalism which, according to him, is a more comprehensive term.
The book has blasted both Gandhi as well as Communism – the blemished and constructed Indian variety of Communism.
Eight chapters make up this text –
Chapter 1. Something Seriously Wrong Somewhere
Chapter 2. Words Which Defy Dictonariese
Chapter 3. The Sources of Leftist Language
Chapter 4. The Character of Leftist Language
Chapter 5. The History of Leftist Language
Chapter 6. The Character of Leftist Language
Chapter 7. The Place of Mahatma Gandhi
Chapter 8. Towards a Language of Indian Nationalism
The author presents five propositions, five ultimate fault-lines:
***The first insinuation is that Bharatavarsha is an indissoluble whole and that its present division into Afganistan, Pakistan, Hindustan and Bangladesh, brought about by Islamic imperialism, must go. Islamic imperialism has alienated not only huge areas from the national homeland but also noteworthy segments of national population. Indian nationalism cannot and should not rest till this hostility gets vacated for good.
***The second insinuation is that closed creeds like Islam and Christianity which are not in synchronization with the spirituality of Sanatana Dharma have no place in India. No quarter can be given to these creeds in the name of secularism which they are using in order to undermine India's antique spiritual heritage. An assessment of the doctrines and histories of these creeds shows further than a shadow of hesitation that these are political ideologies of imperialism masquerading as religion. Their pretentions should be exposed and their designs of using foreign partonage and finances to estrange more members of tha national society and additional areas of the national homeland should be defeated.
***The third insinuation is that the economic systems of capitalism and socialism, which are actually deviations on the same premise of centralisation, should not be permitted to macerate Indian economy and that the Indian people should be saved from becoming powerless victims of an immeasurable industrial and commercial complex. The spirit of swadeshi should be revived so that our people, chiefly those in the countryside, have control over their local resources, can utilize their talents and enterprise for their own benefit, and avert their environment front being eroded or poisoned.
***The fourth insinuation is that authoritarian tendencies inherent in Communism and Consumerism should be stopped from steamrollering India's social political and cultural life into a lifeless uniformity. The national intellect and tradition of experimenting with an assortment of social and political institutions and cultural patterns should be preserved.
***The fifth insinuation is that a strong structure of a central state should materialize in order to conserve the national heritage and protect the national homeland without inhibiting the manifold expression of regional, provincial and local autonomies. Actually, this is the most important insinuation since the absence of a tough central state has been the bane of India's national life in the past providing as it did many opportunities to foreign invaders for playing havoc with national society and culture.
According to Goel, an extensive sketch of the battle which is taking place at present in India's spiritual, cultural, social and political life can be drawn as follows:
1- The devout traditions which constitute the commonwealth of Sanatana Dharma are the forces of light. They are struggling against forces of darkness embodied in Islam, Christianity and Communism.
2- The compound of culture created by the spiritual traditions of Sanatana Dharma is the national culture of India. The cultures brought in by Islam, Christianity and Communism are imperialist burdens. Those who talk about an amalgamated culture are either uninformed of what culture actually means or are trying to disrupt India's national culture in the service of this or that imperialism.
3- The society which cherishes the spiritual traditions of Sanatana Dharma and has inherited the national culture of India is the national society of India. It comprises the nation in this country. Conversely, communities which have been crystallised by Islamic, Christian and British imperialism are denationalised colonies left over by invaders who have departed. Those who look upon the national society as only a majority in respect of minority communities and who shout slogans of "Hindu Communalism" are enemies of the nation.
4- A fight is taking place in the political arena between the forces of nationalism and the forces of anti-nationalism. Leftism, even when it is not a part of the Communist movement is, generally, the political expression of a self-alienated psyche. It serves as a smoke-screen for all anti-national forces. It has to be exposed and eradicated so that anti-national forces can be seen visibly and fought determinedly.
5- It is the responsibility plus the providence of the national society in India as constituted at present to clean up all anti-national forces at home as a first step to cleaning them up from areas which have been alienated by Islamic imperialism. The national society in India at present should retrieve all its misplaced children so that it becomes once again the national soceity in its ancestral homeland of Bharatavarsha.
What is the inherent message of this book, then?
Just this – and I am quoting the author:
“Sanatana Dharma has a universal face. Only it has been developed more fully in India. Moreover, in Sanatana Dharma, nationalism and internationalism are not opposed; they are two necessary expressions of the same truth. Islam, Christianity and Communism are not only denationalising but also dehumanising; they represent truths about a man less than himself. That is why Indian nationalism rejects them…”
Can it be said in simpler words?