طلوع

BFI Film Classics

by Lucy Fischer (Authur), حسین عیدی زاده (Translator)

طلوع، آواز دو انسان یکی از مهم‌ترین فیلم‌های تاریخ و اولین فیلمی است که یک کارگردان آلمانی، یعنی فردریش ویلهلم مورنائو آن را در آمریکا ساخته است. ژانر این فیلم میان اکسپرسیونیسم آلمانی و ملودرام آمریکایی، آوانگاردیسم و داستان عامه‌پسند، سینمای صامت و ناطق در رفت‌وآمد است. تولید دست‌ودلبازانه و مجلل در ساخت دکورهای عظیم و اختصاصی‌ هم از دیگر دلایل شهرت طلوع است که تمام این‌ها باعث شد این فیلم به یکی از بلندپروازانه‌ترین آثار هالیوود بدل شود. طلوع در ژرف‌ترین و هم‌زمان ابتدایی‌ترین لایه‌های معنایی، درامی‌ست درباره‌ی «گم‌شده و پیداشده». حتی عنوان فیلم نیز به بازگشت خورشید پس از پنهان شدن در شب اشاره می‌کند. این پویایی میان گم‌شده و پیداشده هم در عشق مرد به همسرش و هم در عشق زن به شوهرش تجلی پیدا می‌کند. از طرفی گوشه‌‌چشمی هم به از بین رفتن محبت مرد به زن شهری و جایگاه ویران‌شدۀ زن شهری در انتهای ماجرا دارد. مجموعه‌ی یک فیلم، یک جهان مشتمل بر تک‎‌نگاری‌هایی‌ست درباره‌ی فیلم‌های نامی و اثرگذار تاریخ سینما. در انتخاب این کتاب‌ها نه فیلم‌هایی خاص و سلیقه‌ای مشخص، بلکه اهمیت فیلم و کتاب مدنظر در اولویت است. هر کتابی از مجموعه‌ی یک فیلم، یک جهان می‌کوشد تا فیلم موردمطالعه‌اش را به وسعت یک جهان ببیند.

Genres: Film, Nonfiction

103 pages, Paperback

First published August 26, 1998

About the author

Lucy Fischer is a Distinguished Professor of English and Film Studies and directed the Film Studies Program at Pitt for three decades. Beyond teaching she has also had film curatorial experience at The Museum of Modern Art in New York City and The Carnegie Museum of Art in Pittsburgh. Her interests in film studies are wide ranging and include international cinema of both the silent and sound era as well as narrative and experimental film.

Her particular fields include cultural and feminist studies, film theory, film aesthetics, women and film, film and literature, and the relationships between film, consciousness and desire. Aside from publishing 9 books, her articles have appeared in many journals, including: Screen, Film History, Sight and Sound, Camera Obscura, Wide Angle, Cinema Journal, Journal of Film and Video, Film Criticism, Women and Performance, Frauen und Film, and Film Quarterly.

Her essays have been anthologized 30 times in volumes of film history, criticism, and theory. She has lectured internationally in Israel, Switzerland, Holland, Austria, Scotland, Great Britain, Portugal, and Australia and has taught abroad in Germany, Sweden, and on the Semester at Sea program of the University of Pittsburgh (which traveled around the world). She recently completed editing an issue of the Portuguese journal, Anglo-Saxonia, and her latest book, Cinema by Design: Art Nouveau, Modernism, and Film History.

Reviews

[°•.Melina°•. · Rating 5 out of 5]

یه فیلم کلاسیک بینظیر،
با تحلیل‌های کامل و دقیق این کتاب از نشر خوبِ "خوب".
با تشکر از پروژه‌ی کلاسِ "تاریخ سینمای جهان" که باعث شد از این به بعد معتاد این کار بشم🤝🏼
فیلم (Sunrise(1927 در نگاه اول یک مثلث عشقی و معمولیه ولی وقتی تحلیل هاشو میخونید میبینید هر حرکت دوربین و هر صحنه و هر پلان از فیلم، یه نشانه و فیلمیه که میشه کشف کرد و همین هم سینما رو شیرین میکنه☀️
.
.

[bahar afsari · Rating 3 out of 5]

اولین کتاب امسال با ترجمه خوب حسین‌عیدی‌زاده، درباره‌ی فیلمی که بسیار دوستش دارم

[Jeff Miller · Rating 3 out of 5]

There is a section in this book where it is proposed that Sunrise is one of those films that will simply get lost in the mist of time, and in many ways so it has turned out to be. Rightly heralded as one of the greatest films ever made, it does not have the cultural lasting power of one of Murnau’s other films (Nosferatu) and does not get the television coverage of other films from the era, which is a terrible shame.

Unfortunately, this is not the book to restore that reputation; unlike other BFI classics (and I am a massive fan of this series) this reads more like a summary of a thesis – lots of smaller subsections that give some insight, but don’t go deep enough for me. At 71 pages it is on the shorter side for a BFI book, and there are a lot of stills and images within.

Definitely worth a read if you like the film, but slightly below par for the series.

[mehran · Rating 3 out of 5]

مورنائو در اولین تجربه فیلمسازی هالیوود فیلمی بسیار انسانی می‌سازد تصویری اکسپرسیونیستی از سینمای آلمان که قبل تر ها مولف آن سمفونی ترس «نوسفراتو» بود

[Christopher · Rating 3 out of 5]

This book is useful in giving readers some of the background on Murnau’s life and work, the 1920s social context of flappers and consumerism, and the German Expressionist tradition that pervades Sunrise even though the film was made in Hollywood. However, Fischer sometimes drifts off into academic theorizing too remote from the nitty-gritty of the film itself, quite the danger when these books in the BFI Film Classics series are already so short and only give us about 60 pages of text.

[Chris Otto · Rating 4 out of 5]

3.5 stars
If you are already deeply enamored by "Sunrise" and have a little previous background in film studies/criticism, you will find some thoughtful insights here. And certainly a deeper discussion of the film than you will find almost anywhere else. In this way, I think it served its purpose well.

But if dry academic writing is not your cup of tea, this book might not be for you, even if you love Sunrise. Maybe try a podcast such as Unspooled for a joyful discussion of the film and its place in history.

[David Sterritt]

Lucy Fischer’s monograph on “Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans” is a thoughtful and sympathetic analysis of Murnau’s great film. I find it too sympathetic in some respects, playing down the cliché and sentimentality that sometimes weigh the picture down, and a mystifying quotation from Astruc could have used a lot of clarification. But it’s always heartening to see a major artwork receive a smart and sensitive critique. Recommended for serious cinephiles.

[Brian · Rating 5 out of 5]

Excellent discussions on an excellent film.

[Nancy Loe · Rating 5 out of 5]

Great analysis of the best silent film ever made.

[Evan · Rating 3 out of 5]

Not a bad overview, but a bit lacking in discussion of formal elements and a bit disorganized in its placement of its sections. Still, a decent brief, post-viewing read.