Οικουμενικό Τραγούδι (Canto General) Εσπερινό (Crepusculario) 20 ερωτικά ποιήματα και ένα θλιμμένο τραγούδι (20 poemas de amor y una canción desesperada) Εκατό ερωτικά σονέτα (Cien sonetos de amor) Ο ενθουσιασμένος τοξότης (El hondero entusiasta) Διαμονή στη γη (Residencia en la Tierra)
Pablo Neruda, born Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto in 1904 in Parral, Chile, was a poet, diplomat, and politician, widely considered one of the most influential literary figures of the 20th century. From an early age, he showed a deep passion for poetry, publishing his first works as a teenager. He adopted the pen name Pablo Neruda to avoid disapproval from his father, who discouraged his literary ambitions. His breakthrough came with Veinte poemas de amor y una canción desesperada (Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair, 1924), a collection of deeply emotional and sensual poetry that gained international recognition and remains one of his most celebrated works. Neruda’s career took him beyond literature into diplomacy, a path that allowed him to travel extensively and engage with political movements around the world. Beginning in 1927, he served in various consular posts in Asia and later in Spain, where he witnessed the Spanish Civil War and became an outspoken advocate for the Republican cause. His experiences led him to embrace communism, a commitment that would shape much of his later poetry and political activism. His collection España en el corazón (Spain in Our Hearts, 1937) reflected his deep sorrow over the war and marked a shift toward politically engaged writing. Returning to Chile, he was elected to the Senate in 1945 as a member of the Communist Party. However, his vocal opposition to the repressive policies of President Gabriel Gonzalez Videla led to his exile. During this period, he traveled through various countries, including Argentina, Mexico, and the Soviet Union, further cementing his status as a global literary and political figure. It was during these years that he wrote Canto General (1950), an epic work chronicling Latin American history and the struggles of its people. Neruda’s return to Chile in 1952 marked a new phase in his life, balancing political activity with a prolific literary output. He remained a staunch supporter of socialist ideals and later developed a close relationship with Salvador Allende, who appointed him as Chile’s ambassador to France in 1970. The following year, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, recognized for the scope and impact of his poetry. His later years were marked by illness, and he died in 1973, just days after the military coup that overthrew Allende. His legacy endures, not only in his vast body of work but also in his influence on literature, political thought, and the cultural identity of Latin America.
Το Canto General, ενδεχομένως λόγω ύφους και αδυναμίας ακριβούς απόδοσης των πάμπολλων αναφορών στην Χιλή (και σύνδεσης με αυτές), δεν ήταν τόσο μεγαλειώδες όσο ανέμενα. Ή, τουλάχιστον, δεν με άγγιξε όσο ανέμενα. Ωστόσο, στα ερωτικά ποιήματα φαίνεται να αποδίδεται καλύτερα το ύφος του συγγραφέα.
"Δεν θα συναντηθούν πια τα μάτια μου με τα μάτια σου, δε θα γλυκαθεί πια μαζί με σένα ο πόνος μου."
"Πόσο θα σ' έχει πονέσει να συνηθίσεις να συνηθίσεις την ψυχή μου τη μοναχική και την άγρια, τ' όνομα μου που όλοι το αποδιώχνουνε."