Adding It Up explores how students in pre-K through 8th grade learn mathematics and recommends how teaching, curricula, and teacher education should change to improve mathematics learning during these critical years. The committee identifies five interdependent components of mathematical proficiency and describes how students develop this proficiency. With examples and illustrations, the book presents a portrait of mathematics The committee discusses what is known from research about teaching for mathematics proficiency, focusing on the interactions between teachers and students around educational materials and how teachers develop proficiency in teaching mathematics.
This 2001 report from the National Research Council is the greatest articulation of an expanded vision for the desired outcomes of mathematics education I have ever read.
The reports foundation is rooted in the concept of braided strands of mathematical proficiency. The reports authors articulate a vision of mathematical proficiency that encompasses procedural fluency, conceptual understanding, strategic competence, adaptive reasoning, and productive disposition. This view suggests that students don't just need the basic skills and knowledge articulated in most state standards and on many standardized tests, but they also need conceptual understanding and adaptive problem solving skills. These are ideas mirrored in Frank Levy and Richard Murnane's concept of expert thinking articulated in their book, The New Division of Labor.
Building on this robust definition of what does it mean to be well educated in mathematics, the reports authors go on to explore every facet of how students develop proficiency from the content of the curriculum, to the instructional practices that promote proficiency, to the training of teachers that lead them to be effective at realizing proficiency for students.
I should have read this sooner. It is a ground breaking report that reaffirms all of my work. The one thing that saddens me is that in many ways we aren't much closer to developing proficiency in our students than we were 10 years ago as described in this report.
Jodi Guarino recommended this book. It contains research that supports the CGI teaching strategy. In essence, the research shows that the more time a student spends analyzing a problem, the greater the success in solving the problem. This is because the student has spent time on conceptual problem solving rather than rote problem solving.
Adding It Up explores how students in pre-K through 8th grade learn mathematics and recommends how teaching, curricula, and teacher education should change to improve mathematics learning during these critical years.