An account of attempts by authorities throughout Europe to stifle the growth of political opposition during the 19th century by censoring newspapers, books, caricatures, plays, operas and film. The author cites examples and notes that while European political censorship blocked the open circulation of much opposition writing and art, it never entirely succeeded in its aim since writers, artists and consumers often evaded censors by clandestine circulation of forbidden material and by the widely-practiced skill of reading between the lines.
Robert Justin Goldstein is professor emeritus of political science at Oakland University and currently a research associate at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor.
He is the author of numerous books and articles focusing on the history of civil liberties in Western democracies, including controversies related to censorship and desecration of the flag.