This book is a tale of the horrors of the trenches in World War I and the role of the American Indian doughboys in thi s, once America joined the war late in 1917. The mina character is BB, Betram Robert Dunn, a Choctaw native Indian, who we first meet at about age nine whilst at the Armstrong Academy. A school and boarding house for native students, where speaking in their native tongue was eaten out of them. BB’s best friend is Isaac, but this friendship stops dead when BB tells a lie to save himself from punishment and from shame being placed on his family. Isaac runs away and he doesn’t see him until he is in France for the war.
BB’s uncle, Matthew Teller, has been a war correspondent for numerous campaigns and reported on all sorts of conflicts. He started WWI in the German trenches with a photographer colleague. He gets to see the war from both sides and speaking French and German, as well as English and his native tongue, gives him a unique view on the world. After over three years of war and ending up in France, he hears that his nephew BB is being shipped out shortly. His own daughter turned away from the native life and moved to the city, but when war was declared, she joined up with the Red Cross and has been working in the first aid tents near the front. Matthew is estranged from her after she moved away.
Matthew has had enough and was ready to return home until he takes up a new story about a particular Native American Choctaw soldier. It revitalises his wish to write and he starts writing about the role of the native Indian doughboys in the war. He wants to ensure the truth is told, but the story he writes and what the papers in America write are like chalk and cheese. When BB gets to the front for the first time, the French didn’t even know they were arriving and had no billets ready for them, but surprisingly, the Germans did! BB and his company, made up of almost all Native American Indians from Oklahoma, are disappointed to be combined with a regiment from Texas and lose their unique identity.
The Choctaw soldier that Matthew has been following, states he signed up to show everyone he was a true American and with the hope that everyone back home would see him as that also. They have mostly been brought up in boarding schools like Armstrong Academy, where their native identity, language and customs were not allowed to be used or seen and some even had families back home who wouldn’t even speak their native tongue. They wanted their children to be able to mix in the white man’s world! Living in a country that wanted them to ignore their own culture and even informing them to educate their fellow Indians on living the expected ‘white’ life, stripped of language and cultural customs.
The timing of America’s inclusion in WWI is much later than I realised and the arrival of BB and the others is close to the end of the war. The Germans are known to be able to capture a lot of the allies’ communications and know what they have planned. Thankfully, the Germans are finally on the back foot and the allies are gearing up to a massive offensive. With them seemingly knowing everything the allies are doing, The Choctaw suddenly find themselves finally being used for their unique language, as Code Talkers, passing communications in secret, that the Germans had no chance of understanding.
It can almost be compared to the advantage the Germans ad in WWII with the enigma machine, until its code was broken. The Choctaw language was something no-one outside the Oklahoma region would be able to understand and gave the confidence of communications being kept safe from the enemy and any important information on troop movements not being intercepted like they were. An important role using their unique language for the white man’s benefit and their own. No longer pushed to hide their culture and language, but having a major role to play and be treated as true Americans, with level pegging with their fellow soldiers.
An important role that not much is known about. I remember a film about Code Talkers, but I’m sure it was based in WWII. The absolute crushing of the Native American culture and use of their own language seemed to be very overpowering, but accepted by the native students as part of living in the white mans’ world. A sad state of affairs, repeated everywhere where people of different cultures collide and one overpowers the other. Being punished for speaking your native language is comparable to being attacked for your religion in our modern world. We are a world of individuals that don’t like what is different to our own lives and this is a terrible insight into what happens when one culture overpowers another.
The history of the Choctaw people and the many roles some of them were part of, shows their perseverance and strength of character. They came from a down trodden position in society, but all signed up to defend their country and ended up using their native skills to play an important role in the final months of WWI. I loved the fact the Germans were scared of the Native Americans, having seen tales from the movies and believing fully in their savage role in war. The simple war cry and appearance of one such soldier led to a group of German soldiers surrendering, when the soldier didn’t even have a bullet left in his gun! Great to see such a history finally being told and making others aware of what can be done with a skill most refused to allow to be used in normal everyday life! I received an ARC copy of this book from BookSprout and I have freely given my own opinion of the book above.