Монгол хүн ба соёлын хувьсгал

墓標なき草原――内モンゴルにおける文化大革命・虐殺の記録 #1-2

by 楊海英, Огонуус Цогт, Пүрэвжаргал (Translator)

The book documents the atrocities committed against the Southern Mongolians by the Chinese in a massive genocide campaign throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s. The two-volume book is the first and only work published outside of China written from the perspective of the victims and survivors.

Genres: China, History

571 pages, Paperback

First published December 18, 2009

Reviews

[Neg Uneg · Rating 5 out of 5]

Монгол хүн бүрийн заавал уншвал зохих номсын нэг. Хилийн цаана Монгол байдгийг ч мэдэлгүй өссөн 70, 80, 90-ээд оныхон эх орондоо болж өнгөрсөн хэлмэгдүүлэлтийг мэдэхээс мэдэхгүй нь их байдаг. Мэдэх хүн бүрийн элэг зүрх эмтэрч, халуун хөнжлөөсөө хүйтэн хөлсөө цувуулан бажгадах гашуун он жилүүдийн хашхираан өнөөдөр дуулдахгүй мэт бүдгэрч эргээд бид социалист нийгмээ хүсэмжлэх болж. Гэтэл хилийн цаана хуйсагнах салхи хатсан цусны эхүүн үнэр тарааж, элэг нэгт монголчууд цаг бусын үхлээс ч аймшигт яргалал хүчирхийллийн дор дагжин чичирч байсныг хагас зууны дараа уншин суухад сүнс зайлж, хорвоо лугаа нөхцөхийн үр тасрах мэт болов.
Марксизм, Сталинизм, Маоизмын нөмрөг дор улаан дуслаар хөлрөн бачуурч байсан 20 зууны эмгэнэл Монголын голомтыг дэлхийн хөрснөөс арчих дөхсөн мэт бодогдоно...

[Songlin He · Rating 3 out of 5]

This book is the history of the suffering and resistance of the Mongolian people. However, the author's narrow-minded nationalism and worldview undermine its credibility, readability and impact for non-Mongolian readers.

It's truly sad that the Republic of Mongolia and Inner Mongolia was unable to unite, simply because the great powers like Britain, Russia, and the United States made the decisions without involving the Mongolian people or the Republic of China. Small nations rarely have a say in their own fate, which is still the case in today’s world.

The book relies a lot on oral histories gathered through the author’s survey in Inner Mongolia. While these stories are emotionally impactful, it’s hard to assess how reliable they are.

The author’s emphasis on Chinese (Han) chauvinism also seems to prevent a more balanced analysis. I believe chauvinism is something that’s learned, not an inherent trait tied to any ethnicity. From a global point of view, the ethnic majority always oppress the minorities wherever possible - this is not exclusive to Chinese Han’s society. If the Han Chinese are considered to be born violent towards other ethnicities, how would the author explain the Mongol Empire in the 13th century? Should we view today’s Mongols in the same way?

While the author criticises Han Chinese chauvinism, she has no problem accepting Genghis Khan as a national hero. To be fair, this happened in the 13th century and must be understood in its historical context. However, I don’t think it’s worth glorifying, as his legacy also involves colonising and oppressing others. The author's double standards are shocking, which again undermines this book's credibility.

I’m also disappointed by the author’s interview section in the book's final chapter, where she claims that Russia does not engage in murder or forced assimilation. I wonder how she would like to justify Russia’s war against Ukraine in today’s world? Russia’s expulsion of rebel groups including Tatars from Crimea and the settlement by Russian colonisers is similar to what the Han Chinese have done in Xinjiang, Mongolia, and Tibet. But the author chose to ignore this part of history to prove her point, which makes her account even less reliable.

The author’s portrayal of both Japan and Mongolia as “weak” nations is shocking, given that Japan once colonised China, Korea, and Southeast Asia during WWII. To label Japan as a victim alongside Mongolia is to misrepresent history, and I cannot imagine how an honourable scholar like the author herself was able to allow herself to do such thing.

The author has been labelling the CCP as fascists during the Cultural Revolution, while I think what they did was worse. Fascism usually targets external “others” (like Jews), whereas the CCP was killing millions of both ethnic Chinese and non-Chinese; and its collectivisation policies, or man-made famine, resulted in an estimated thirty million deaths.

What I did find insightful was Zhou Enlai’s involvement in Mao Zedong’s actions, particularly in sacrificing lives for political power. We all know that Japan began invading Manchuria in the early 1930s, while our textbooks in Mainland China often emphasise that the full-scale Sino-Japanese War did not start until 1937. Most likely, this is to downplay the fact that the CCP had not been participating in the war before 1937, as they were too busy with the 'Long March'—which is how they glorified this embarrassing part of CCP history.

[Yuki Kudo · Rating 2 out of 5]

內人黨案是大悲劇、大慘劇，但作者不辨真偽的使用口述史料，反而大大寫弱了史料的衝擊力。

[A.Temuulen · Rating 5 out of 5]

Баян Хятад хүн гэж ямар хүнийг хэлэх вэ? Тариа тарих том газартай Хятад хүн бол баян хүн. Баян Монгол хүн гэж ямар хүнийг хэлэх вэ? Тал дүүрэн олон адуу малтай Монгол хүн бол баян хүн. Ингээд бодохлээр баян хятад хүн, баян монгол хүн зэрэгцэн амьдарч чадах уу? Хятад болон Монгол гэдэг 2 үндэстэн соёл, итгэл үнэмшил, амьдралын хэв маяг, үнэт зүйлийн хувьд газар тэнгэр шиг ялгаатай, ангид 2 үндэстэн гэдэг нь эл номноос маш тодорхой харагдана. Монгол гэрийн үүдний урдуур усны шуудуу ухсан түүх, хоёроос гурван хэлээр ярьдаг япон сэлэм зүүсэн Монгол сэхээтнүүд, төрсөн эхийг нь нүдэн дээр нь хүчиндсэн түүх гээд тоочоод барамгүй сэтгэлд хүндүүртэй үйл явдлаар дүүрэн энэ ном бидний өнөөгийн тусгаар тогтнол, Монгол хүний үнэ цэнэ ямар үнэтэйг харууллаа.