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Benghazi-Bergen-Belsen

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An epic romance retrieves from oblivion the lost story of the Holocaust of North African Jews

Silvana Haggiag is a brilliant and beautiful young woman in her early twenties, dismissive of the patriarchal norms that govern her Jewish community in the Libyan city of Benghazi. When Silvana’s family is violently uprooted from its home and homeland, she is taken along with other Libyan Jews through the blazing Sahara Desert and war driven Italy to freezing Germany. In the long and tumultuous journey from her birth town to the German concentration camp of Bergen-Belsen, Silvana’s, navigating her family through horror and distress, she is confronted with dire dilemmas and retrieves hidden strengths. Away from her language, detached from any familiar ground, she is forced to cope with the terrors of a cruel and arbitrary humanity, and prevail.

A breathtaking novel based on profoundly detailed historical research

Benghazi-Bergen-Belzen, the first novel about the Holocaust of Libyan Jews, brilliantly depicts the transformations and tribulations this intriguing community has undergone during the Second World War. Violently uprooted from their autonomic lifestyle and thrown into a language, culture and geography completely foreign to their own, Libyan Jews, Like other Jews living among Arabic speaking Muslims, were doomed to profound detachment, cut off even from the new ways of life formed among the camps’ prisoners. Placed at the bottom of the Nazi race-hierarchy for their oriental origin, they were incomprehensible to the European eye and perceived as intimidating, even by their fellow European Jewish prisoners. The novel was chosen by the Israeli Ministry of Education to be included in the Holocaust studies program for high school students.

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320 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2013

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109 people want to read

About the author

Yossi Sucary

4 books

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Profile Image for Siv30.
2,815 reviews185 followers
June 13, 2016
החלק הראשון, בנגאזי, הוא בעצם סיפורה של סילבנה חקק היפה ושל הכיבוש הגרמני את צפון אפריקה. הסיפור מתחיל ביום בו הגרמנים מגרשים את היהודים מבנגאזי. האימה והפחד שמוטלים עליהם באופן פתאומי. הנפילה מאיגרא רמה לבירא עמיקתא משנים את אופי חייהם של היהודים והמשפחה. כל בטחונם האישי הולך ומתפורר. וכאשר הם שבים לבנגאזי אחרי שהאיטלקים מצליחים לשכנע את הגרמנים בחשיבות היהודים למסחר החיים לא שבים להיות מה שהיו והפחד עוטף אותם.
למרות הכתיבה הקולחת והסיפור המעניין והלא ידוע, סיפורה של הקהילה היהודית בלוב, אחת מהבעיות של החלק הזה הן מילים בערבית ואיטלקית וגרמנית המשולבות בטקסט. הן מפורשנות בהערות שולים אבל היקפן קוטעות את הקריאה השוטפת.

עם חידוש המערכה של הגרמנים בצפון אפריקה, בתחילת 1941, מגורשות המשפחות היהודיות מלוב. מאחר ומשפחת חקק נושאת אזרחות בריטית הם מגורשים תחילה לטריפולי ואז לאיטליה. סיפור מסע רווי תלאות וגלות מיבשת אחת ליבשת אחרת, כאשר סילבנה חקק תופסת את מקומו של ראש המשפחה, אביה שכבר במסע לטריפולי, איבד את יכולתו להנהיג את המשפחה.

באיטליה, המשפחה מתגוררת במחנה מעבר של אסירים בתחילה בניהול של חיילים איטלקים, שיחסית היו קלים עם האסירים ואף איפשרו להם לצאת ולרכוש מוצרים בחנויות בכפר ואז הגיעו הגרמנים.

הגרמנים מסמלים את הסוף. הם הגיעו ב 1944 והאלימות הגיעה איתם. בחורף שלחו את הגברים למחנה כפייה וסליבנה תכננה לברוח מהמחנה לבדה אבל לבסוף הגברים חזרו למחנה.

החלק האחרון של הספר הוא המסע לברגן בלזן והשהיה במחנה. במאי 1944 העבירו הגרמנים את השוהים במחנה באיטליה ברכבת בהמות למחנה ברגן בלזן.

תיאורי המסע הקשה מזעזעים. האנשים הצפופים בתא, ללא מים, ללא אוכל, ללא אוויר. אחד מהם מתאבד וגופתו מצחינה במהלך המסע. ריח שתן וצואה ממלאים את התא הסגור והמטריד ביותר הוא אי הוודאות של הנוסעים שאינם יודעים לאן מועדות פניהם.

הם מגיעים למחנה, עמידת הסרק לאורך שעות בשורות לספירת הבוקר. הדרגשים הצרים שבהם הם ישנים בזוגות. האוכל המועט שגם אותו אינם יכולים לאכול מפאת כשרות.

החלק על ברגן בלזן לטעמי לא כתוב טוב. הוא לא מעניין, המילים בגרמנית ובערבית שמשולבות בטקסט פשוט מחרבות כל רגש שיכל להתעורר לדמויות. יש בו עוד בעיות בגלל שהוא כתוב מנקודת המבט של סילבנה בלבד. סילבנה היא דמות שבין כה מרוכזת בעצמה ובסבל שלה, כל שביב אמפטיה ומחשבה על מישהו אחר מכוונת לעצמה חזרה ומנווטת לרגשות שלה. הסבל הנוראי במחנה עובר דרך הפריזמה של השפה הזרה והפריזמה של מנעד הרגשות האפסי של סילבנה ובכך השהות בברגן בלזן מעוקרת.

החלק ההזוי הוא מערכת היחסים בין סילבנה ורבקה. לא ברור הצורך במערכת היחסים הקלושה והתלושה הזו.

חבל, זה יכל להיות ספר פורץ דרך בדיון ובשיח שהוא מעורר על יהדות צפון אפריקה ובמקום זה הוא הופך למונולוג ילדותי ממוחה וחוויותיה הקטנוניות של סילבנה שרוצה להיות ילדה, שרוצה להיות מבוגרת ולא מצליחה להיות אף אחד מאלה.
Profile Image for Richard.
897 reviews21 followers
May 20, 2018
Although this book has some flaws, I still found it quite worthwhile to read.

As is the case with almost all Americans I did not know anything about the Libyan Jewish community (called Sephardic in English or Mizrahim in Hebrew). Thus, I learned something about the extent to which they had been an active, well functioning, contributing part of life in Benghazi. Wikipedia provided me with some more info about this. In his acknowledgements at the end of the book Sucary expressed appreciation for people who had helped him learn about this. I wish he had found a way to integrate more of the info into his novel.

Some things are left unexplained in the book. Eg, how did the Arabic spoken by these Jews differ from that spoken by Libyan Muslims? How did some of the Jews learn how to speak Italian? Per Wikipedia this skill benefitted them in their lives in Libya. In what ways? Some of the families had British passports. How/why did they get these? How did some of them learn how to speak English? While each of these facts is relatively minor in its own way, adding more info about them would have made the novel more enriching and educational. At 300+ pages the book is not very long. A few lines here and there about these, and maybe some other, topics would not have made it significantly longer. But it would have added immensely to its richness and thus to my enjoyment.

Sucary exhibited impressive psychological sophistication in the depth with which he portrayed his main character: a 20 year old Jewish woman raised by a successful merchant father and a traditional mother. At the start of the novel she is depicted as struggling to resist her parents' mainstream cultural/Jewish expectations that she marry young and follow in her mother's footsteps. As the family is swept up into the horrors of forced removal from their lives in Benghazi to a detention center in Italy and ultimately to the infamous Bergen Belsen concentration camp in Germany Sucary portrays the wide array of her reactions in a heart rending way.

Each horrible event is depicted in the context of its impact on this young woman, as well as her family members and a few other characters. Thus, it becomes the story of the incredible courage people needed to cope with the horrors of what the Nazis did to them. To Sucary’s credit he does this in a straightforward prose that has just enough description to make it very impactful but not excessively dramatic.

One reviewer complained that the book ended with much left unresolved. While I agree with this in some respects, it was still a logical time for the story to conclude. Sucary could have provided a postscript about the young woman. Or he could write a sequel. That could offer any number of fascinating possibilities.

Finally, the translation of the book from Hebrew into English seemed adequate to my admittedly unknowing ears. But the proof reading for this English translation was inadequate. Singular and plural nouns were confused at times. The wrong preposition was used on occasion. More frequently than these other two issues, 2-3-4 words were run together (eg, wereruntogether). While the text was still readable, it felt far from polished.

For those who wish to get more background and context for the novel I refer them to a YouTube video in which Sucary talks about it: http://www.cjs.ucla.edu/yossi-sucary-...
Caution: the poor audio/video quality and his somewhat limited English make it a bit difficult to follow at times.

278 reviews3 followers
July 5, 2014
I expected for something more, it felt shallow, usually when I read books about the holocaust I really feel the suffer they are going through, here I felt nothing, it didn't get to me. I don't need to read about the awful actions the Nazis did just to feel it, but here the main character didn't convey what she should.
I didn't like the end either, every book has some kind of ending, here the author just finish it with the saying that the British soldiers came to free the camp, but he didn't tell what happened to Silvana after the war, was she able to find her family? did they survive the war? did she find her soldier whom she never stop to talk about thorough the book? so many questions without answers.
It was a book about a journey from Benghazi to Bergen-Belsen, but nothing about what happened before and what happened after it.
I have just one good word to say about it, it is the first book who talks about the holocaust from the perspective of African Jews, who aren't look like European, they are different, but in the end, the author say, they just the same, they went through the same awful things even though they didn't speak the same language or came from the same place.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for  ManOfLaBook.com.
1,386 reviews77 followers
March 31, 2023
For more reviews and bookish posts visit: https://www.ManOfLaBook.com

Benghazi-Bergen-Belsen: The Lost Story of the Holocaust of North African Jews (בנגאזי–ברגן־בלזן ) by Yossi Sucary (יוסי סוכרי ) tells of the plight of North African Jews during World War II. Mr. Sucari is an award-winning Israeli author and educator.


Silvana Haggiag is a beautiful twenty-year-old Jewess living in Benghazi, Libya. When the Nazis take over the country, the family’s life is about to dramatically change.

Silvana and her community travel through the Sahara Desert to Germany, where they are placed in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. Every day is a fight for survival, navigation through horrors, foreign language, and random cruelt

I have never read about the plight of North African Jews during the Holocaust, so I was looking forward to reading this book and learning a bit about it. The first part, which takes place in Benghazi is very interesting as it tells of the way the lives of prominent, successful Libyan citizens changed overnight.

The Italians manage to convince the Germans of the importance of Jews to the local economy, and many get back to their lives, shrouded in a cloud of fear. As the war continues, the Jews are taken from their homes to Tripoli, Italy, and end up in Bergen-Belsen in Germany. On the way, Silvana, the protagonist, takes over as the head of the family since her father can no longer cope.

The descriptions in Benghazi-Bergen-Belsen by Yossi Sucary are well done. Both the journey as well as the time in the concentration camp are horrific. The narrative weaves sentences in German, Italian, and Arabic which adds authenticity to the story, but certainly slows down the reading. Each one, however, is translated with a footnote at the bottom of the page.

The author put a lot of effort into the writing, attempting to write this horrific story, his efforts, however, did not bear fruit as the flowery language not only did not add anything but actually deterred me from the story. The relationship between Silvana and Rebecca in Bergen-Belsen was very strange, I had no idea where the author was going with it, or what he wanted to convey, except that it certainly was an important part of the story for him.

This is, however, an important story that is both interesting and complex. The characters are flushed out, complex, and realistic enough that I actually believed they existed and forgot, for a few moments, that this was a historical novel.
Profile Image for Pam.
4,629 reviews69 followers
September 28, 2016
Benghazi: Bergen-Belsen: The Lost Story of the Holocaust of North African Jews is by Yossi Sucary. It is the story of the Holocaust which has not been told before. The story is told from Silvana’s view and yet is in third person. You only know what Silvana knows at the time. The way it was told was very confusing especially at first. I never really got into the rhythm of the book.
Silvana returns to Benghazi after having been in the desert to find that her family was gone as were all the Jews in town. No one would tell her anything so in desperation, she went to the beach to find her calm center. Here a German soldier found her and took her to a tent where the other Jews were except for her family. She was kept separate from the others and finally reunited with her family. They were being processed as British since they carried British citizenship.
Things settled down to normal again. Silvana was given the manager position at her Father’s store. This was a really big deal at this time. Women didn’t usually work much rather shine. The Italian soldiers came back and took over. Then the British and back to Germans. The Italians and British left them basically alone. However, when the Germans came back, things got more complicated. Once more the Jews were rounded up and once more her family was separated due to their citizenship. This time, however, they did not go back to their homes. They were sent to Tripoli. At least they were together.
Where would they end up and what would happen to each member of the family and their friends?
840 reviews6 followers
September 22, 2016
I quit

I am about twelve percent into this book and am giving up in frustration. Maybe it reads better in Hebrew. I can't get into the point of view of the narrator. Is she eight, twelve, seventeen, twenty or what. If she is twenty, why does she have such a little girl way of looking at things. I would think a person that age in that society would have responsibilities, have been married off by then and not be gadding about alone in the desert, her apparent favorite place, or around a town with Libyan Arabs and Italian soldiers about. Instead she seems at least at the beginning of the book like a silly, spoiled little eight year old which is what I thought she was. A few pages later there are German soldiers leering lustfully at her. What gives. It just doesn't hang together for me. Is it day, is it night. The translations are odd at times. The fruity, poetic way of writing sets my teeth on edge. I had expected a true, gritty account of these people's experience in WWII but instead it's a mincey sort of novel. Very disappointed.
Profile Image for Moshe Mikanovsky.
Author 1 book25 followers
April 20, 2016
סיפור חשוב. הספר, מצד שני, מיותר.
עם כמה שאין ביכולתנו לתפוס אפילו במעט של המעט את מה שעבר על יהודי השואה, עד כמה שניסיתי לא ממש יכולתי להזדהות עם הגיבורה. היא דמות אנוכית שאף אינה כמעט מתביישת באנוכיות שלה. גם הכתיבה לא משהו, ובמיוחד הבחירה לכתוב את כל מה שאמרו הדמויות בשפתם המקורית ובאותיות עבריות עם תרגום בתחתית העמוד היא בחירה גרועה. מה שנוצר הוא ספר בלי כמעט אף דיאלוג בין אנשים, וכן דילוג על מה שהם אמרו לטובת התרגום למטה, מה שבעצם גורע מכוונת המחבר להראות את השוני הלשוני בין הדמויות השונות. היה כבר עדיף אם היו נכתבות באותיות שפת המקור, ליצור יופי חזותי אם לא מילולי.
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