Founder of the American Negro Academy, Alexander Crummell (1819–1898) played a pivotal role in later nineteenth-century debates over race and black intellect. Yet compared with the work of Du Bois and Washington, his speeches and publications have remained relatively inaccessible until now. Here are eighteen texts, along with a thorough biography and valuable source list. As this collection makes clear, Crummell's writings speak of a transitional figure who bridged two radically different worlds separated by the bloodshed and upheaval of the Civil War.
Crummell was an important voice within the abolition movement and a leader of the Pan-African ideology Crummell's legacy can be seen not in his personal achievements but in the influence he exerted on other black nationalists and Pan-Africanists such as Marcus Garvey, Paul Laurence Dunbar, and W. E. B. Du Bois. Du Bois paid tribute to Crummell with a memorable essay entitled "Of Alexander Crummell," collected in his 1903 book, The Souls of Black Folk and In 2002 the scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed Alexander Crummell on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans