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Charity Detox: What Charity Would Look Like If We Cared About Results

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The veteran urban activist and author of the revolutionary Toxic Charity returns with a headline-making book that offers proven, results-oriented ideas for transforming our system of giving.

In Toxic Charity, Robert D. Lupton revealed the truth about modern charity programs meant to help the poor and disenfranchised. While charity makes donors feel better, he argued, it often hurts those it seeks to help. At the forefront of this burgeoning yet ineffective compassion industry are American churches, which spend billions on dependency-producing programs, including food pantries. But what would charity look like if we, instead, measured it by its ability to alleviate poverty and needs?

That is the question at the heart of Charity Detox. Drawing on his many decades of experience, Lupton outlines how to structure programs that actually improve the quality of life of the poor and disenfranchised. He introduces many strategies that are revolutionizing what we do with our charity dollars, and offers numerous examples of organizations that have successfully adopted these groundbreaking new models. Only by redirecting our strategies and becoming committed to results, he argues, can charity enterprises truly become as transformative as our ideals.

208 pages, Kindle Edition

First published April 15, 2015

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About the author

Robert D. Lupton

7 books27 followers
Bob Lupton is the founder and president of FCS Urban Ministries, a non-profit organization serving inner-city Atlanta, and is on the board of the Christian Community Development Association. He is a Vietnam veteran, has a Ph.D. in psychology from the University of Georgia, and consults and lectures internationally on urban issues.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 48 reviews
Profile Image for Lee Harmon.
Author 5 books114 followers
October 7, 2015
The author of Toxic Charity is at it again. Lupton insists that most of the work we do in the name of charity does more harm than good. Proclaiming that the only effective charity is the kind that asks more from those being served, rather than less, he lifts capitalism onto a pedestal and incriminates socialism and philanthropy as building dependency rather than affirming that the recipient also has something of value to offer.

Lupton’s arguments are convincing. His focus is primarily on poor communities, and his conclusion is that the best thing you can do for a person is give him or her a good job. Why capitalism? Only for-profit businesses produce enough wealth to create enough jobs to lift a community out of poverty.

Perhaps the worst thing you can do is give a person a handout. Lupton is presumably a Christian, but he’s not a fan of mission trips. They don’t contribute to local economies: mission trippers come to serve, not consume. They spend their money on airfare and projects rather than on merchandise and excursions. They flood local consumers with free goods, naively undercutting local businesses, the very system locals depend on for their livelihood. The research of a friend of Lupton showed that between 1992 and 2006, a half million workers in Nigeria lost their jobs due to the inflow of donated clothing. But perhaps even worse is the effects of repeated “charity”:

Feed a person once, it elicits appreciation.
Feed him twice, it creates anticipation.
Feed him three times, it creates expectation.
Feed him four times, it becomes an entitlement.
Feed him five times, it produces dependency.

So what can we do for the poor? For one, don’t denigrate big business or the drive for wealth. The hope for such communities is investors, business people with the means and knowledge to build jobs, putting the poor on a path to self-fulfilment. Our church missions should be replaced with fact-finding business excursions.

I can’t say I agree with everything in Lupton’s ideology, but he does make me think differently about some things … and he certainly has the lifelong get-your-hands-dirty experience to back up his findings.

Publisher, © 2015, 196 pages
ISBN: 978-0-06-230726-2
76 reviews
August 26, 2015
Still not what I was hoping for. It's an easy task to tell the church what we're doing wrong. We need guidance to do the right things in mission. If Lupton expanded on the last two pages and built a book around that, i'd be pleased.
Profile Image for Cal Fisher.
43 reviews4 followers
December 12, 2022
In Charity Detox, Lupton seeks to deconstruct the western Christian way of thinking about poverty alleviation in poor and developing communities. He does this by exposing the harm that many well intentioned charity projects actually cause among the very people who the charities are trying to help. From there, he builds back up a positive view of loving the poor by aiming to lift whole communities out of poverty. He argues the best way to do this is by building up and tapping into the resources and skills that a community has through enterprises such as promoting small business development and growth through new businesses, investments in existing local business, and loans. He gives real world examples of these practices being beneficial in lifting communities out of poverty from all different kinds of communities around the world. He tackles other issues and common objections, such as what to do with the inevitability of gentrification, but the main thrust of the book argues for business and job creation being the most effective and sustainable way to truly care for the poor.
This book served to highlight many of the errors in traditional charitable efforts in ways that needed to be addressed. Even more strategic efforts to care for the poor through education will not necessarily help a community. Either, the newly educated person returns home but has no job in which he can use his skills or he leaves the community altogether to work a job where he can use his degree. Both instances do not help the community. Job creation is needed. One thing I would push back against is that Lupton’s solution of business development does not seem to be uniquely Christian, yet he is quick to call it missions. He says in his conclusion that more conservative evangelicals give him criticism for not emphasizing Gospel proclamation and church planting enough. I agree with this critic. Sometimes it seems like Lupton’s end goal for communities is something that looks similar to a prospering American neighborhood. Yes, this can serve the poor well, but in missions, and Christian poverty alleviation, we aim for much more than just lifting people out of poverty. Lupton would agree with this, but I do think his emphases are not weighted properly.
Profile Image for Mike Weston.
122 reviews11 followers
May 8, 2019
Insightful and thought provoking book about how we can better serve the poor through working with the impoverished to thrive instead of volunteering to merely help them survive. Will be a staple in my library on poverty and volunteerism.

My only complaint is that there is little to help us practically do what’s right instead of what’s wrong, but I guess an entrepreneurial spirit doesn’t need such a plan because there is vast array of possibilities.
Profile Image for Reid.
452 reviews31 followers
July 18, 2020
Here is the internet blurb:

The veteran urban activist and author of the revolutionary Toxic Charity returns with a headline-making book that offers proven, results-oriented ideas for transforming our system of giving.

In Toxic Charity, Robert D. Lupton revealed the truth about modern charity programs meant to help the poor and disenfranchised. While charity makes donors feel better, he argued, it often hurts those it seeks to help. At the forefront of this burgeoning yet ineffective compassion industry are American churches, which spend billions on dependency-producing programs, including food pantries. But what would charity look like if we, instead, measured it by its ability to alleviate poverty and needs?

That is the question at the heart of Charity Detox. Drawing on his many decades of experience, Lupton outlines how to structure programs that actually improve the quality of life of the poor and disenfranchised. He introduces many strategies that are revolutionizing what we do with our charity dollars, and offers numerous examples of organizations that have successfully adopted these groundbreaking new models. Only by redirecting our strategies and becoming committed to results, he argues, can charity enterprises truly become as transformative as our ideals.

Lupton argues that regular give-aways create dependence and not long-term help. He presses arguments for the involvement and exchange of those helped with the process of helping, not just giveways. The results of much mission work is feel-good "results not long-term growth and development.
On page 114 he says:
- Feed a person once, it elicits appreciation
- Feed him twice, it creates anticipation
- Feed him three times, it creates expectation
- Feed him four times, it becomes entitlement
- Feed him five times, it produces dependency.

There seems to be some truth to this.

He raises lots of good questions about the real issues and effect of 'missions' and short term help.

On page 185, Lupton states that
- more conservative Christians view personal evangelism as the ultimate act of love....
- for more mainline Christians the primary motivator is doing work projects and serving in that way

What is the BEST way to help?
From the book and personal opinion and experience it seems to me, at this point in my life that the best way to long-term is a combination of things.
- relationship and connect
- exchange and responsible contribution to the project; partnership
- the Gospel (Jesus is the Savior, Deliverer) - not a program or a process
- a Gospel preaching, Gospel centered church community that the Holy Spirit oversees

I may be naive but Charity Detox is pretty weak, pretty light on the Gospel and the last two points. For a poor person to 'thrive' as Lupton says, a person has to make a good living wage (my terminology). I question, can't a poor person thrive?

As I finished this book I agreed with some of his points and it caused me to re-evaluate how I view and support mission work.

Profile Image for Annika Phillips.
48 reviews
May 6, 2021
I would recommend reading Toxic Charity before picking up this book. It is definitely an easy continuation of the first one. Robert Lupton is honest, gracious and relentlessly truthful in his pursuit to see communities and countries lifted out of poverty. I know a lot of people complained that Toxic Charity pointed out flaws in our giving and volunteerism sectors without paving a new way forward. That is what this book is for- it gives clearer examples on how to move forward.

As someone who runs a very small, for-profit organization working in a refugee settlement in East Africa, it is incredibly challenging and encouraging to read this. Lupton asks us, seriously, if we really WANT to see the poor of our world thrive: "We are moved by need, Volunteerism, so huge in our culture, is propelled by meeting need. Does this mean, then, that we have a subliminal motivation to perpetuate poverty so that we always have someone to serve? No, I would never suggest such a thing. It would be unfair, cruel even, to question the motives of caring volunteers who sincerely desire to make a difference in the world. Yet there is some reason that we seem content to invest our billions in aid and millions in volunteer work-hours year after year despite seeing almost no positive change in poverty rates." What a quote. And what a challenge to investigate our motivations. Seeing the poverty-needle move will require much of us and it means, ultimately, that we will have to change our entire way of thinking and believing.

I also loved that two HUGE central themes to this book:

We cannot, absolutely cannot, serve people out of poverty. It is not possible. People in poverty need to have dignified, uplifting ways to work, earn and live. We cannot do that by giving them free clothes or meals. There has to be a bigger picture.

And, secondly, the fact that non-profits may be good and even necessary, micro loans may be helpful in order for people to scrape by, but that is the catch: a lot of people are scraping by. And that shouldn't be the goal. We want people to thrive, not just survive.

Overall, I would highly recommend this book. It will make you uncomfortable. You will have to change your ways of giving and serving, but it will take us to a better future. If you really want that for others and for yourself, then this is a great place to start. It is also less than 200 pages so an easy, quick read.
Profile Image for Justin.
29 reviews
July 8, 2019
I didn’t read the author’s previous book called Toxic Charity, so I didn’t know exactly what I was getting into with this one, but giving to a good cause without expectation of material return is very scarcely mentioned. One telling statement he makes is, “Making money with the poor, after all, is the highest form of charity.” So, fair notice that he’s really just talking about exploitation (his word) of opportunities involving the impoverished. But for a book with “charity” twice in the title, I expected more than a sentence or two about some kind of useful giving to those in need. I agree with the author that there are many ways giving can actually be harmful and I was hoping to know how to detoxify those harmful ways. Instead, the book really mostly says just to spread capitalism instead of charity, and, by the way, you’ll make money too! He does throw in some talk of treating the employees well (i.e., basic ethical business practices), and maybe that’s the charity part (?), but otherwise it’s just business as usual. The book leaves the reader with no insights whatsoever on how to help the people who are sick, hungry, or threatened, except maybe to put them to work someplace.
Profile Image for Amy.
435 reviews3 followers
March 17, 2020
Lupton raises an interesting point about the threat of what he calls toxic charity in his earlier book of that name. In this book he repeats that discussion, and (eventually) suggests steps to take to truly reduce poverty. The meat of this message could probably be served up in about 20 pages. The rest of the book is full of repetitive examples and stories.

My other problem with this book stems from two flat-out lies he tells his readers.

1. “...shalom...means wholeness, prosperity, and peace...” This is not true. Shalom is a Hebrew word that means peace. Shalom has absolutely nothing to do with wholeness (though the Hebrew word for wholeness does come from the same three letter root as the word shalom), and it certainly has nothing to do with prosperity.

2. Lupton says that the eight levels of tzedakah in Jewish tradition are set forth in the Talmud (the central text in rabbinic Judaism). This is not true. Maimonides (the Rambam) wrote the levels of charity, and they appear in his writings. They do not appear in the Talmud.
Profile Image for Janice Smith.
409 reviews2 followers
July 9, 2017
I SO wanted to love this follow-up book to Toxic Charity, but in the end, it just didn't deliver the information that I was hoping to obtain...what can an ordinary, everyday person do to help (not hurt) others? It seemed that much of the same information (mostly about what NOT to do) was repeated in this book. The missing link is guidance on exactly what to do. There is a summary of 8 things at the end of the book that is somewhat helpful, but I wanted more. Maybe it was just high expectations?!?

That said, I HIGHLY recommend reading Toxic Charity or When Helping Hurts if you give to charity (either with your time and money). Your perspectives will be challenged and it will help you make better, more informed decisions.
Profile Image for Donna.
926 reviews10 followers
June 14, 2018
Similar to Toxic Charity, but with some more concrete ideas about what can be done to help those in poverty. There is more of a business/economic aspect to this book, and he discusses more examples of constructive practices. Interesting that he says in the beginning he gets criticism from both Republican and from Democratic people, each thinking he is in the camp of the other. He is results and community oriented, rather than helping individuals in greatest need. His bias is toward community building efforts where middle class and poor residents live together in community, but that is not always an option for those that want to help. It certainly is an inspiration for those that want to do that.
85 reviews1 follower
October 13, 2017
I was thrown off by his misuse of the term "free market" in chapter 2, when the rest of his book discusses the importance of "ethical business" as a way to bring others out of poverty. A free market has created some of the poverty he describes in the book (ex. - the practice in Africa of selling donated clothes in markets, which led to the negative impacts on the Ghanaian textile industry). He should focus more on the topics of mixed-income neighborhoods and ethical business practices, instead of trying to promote how the free market will alleviate poverty, which I do not think is his thesis/point.
Profile Image for Rachel Mellema.
174 reviews1 follower
February 17, 2025
Really loved this! A thought provoking and necessary read for anyone involved in philanthropy, nonprofit work, or community development. I like how the author challenges traditional charity models and advocates for a more sustainable, dignity-focused approach to helping those in need.

I liked the emphasis on economic empowerment, job creation and investment in communities over just giving handouts. Plus his writing was clear, practical and backed by his many years of experience. It was very eye opening and informative - definitely an essential guide for anyone who wants to truly make a difference in a way that uplifts rather than unintentionally harms.
Profile Image for Carson Dean.
4 reviews
November 5, 2019
This is book is a must-read for everyone interested in addressing poverty. However, be ready to challenge your own assumptions and, maybe, some deeply held beliefs. Lupton's thesis, "we cannot serve people out of poverty," is eye-opening to say the least. A great follow up to his disruptive manifesto "Toxic Charity," Luption does an excellent job illustrating that wealth creation is the only way to alleviate poverty and that it can be done biblically; in fact, Lupton wants us to understand that shalom for everyone should be our motivating force.
Profile Image for Pearson,.
330 reviews2 followers
March 1, 2017
For readers that do charity work in outreach areas, this title has information to consider and think about in how to help" people in need" make a way out of poverty. Lupton has worked for over 40 years in the inner city of Atlanta, GA and has had success helping people advance socio-economically and,where this reader agrees with some of his premise, I do not believe that he has all the answers by any means.
34 reviews1 follower
January 21, 2018
Pew sitting entrepreneurs can do more to alleviate poverty.

I gave this book only four stars for the fact much of the information is a repeat from this authors previously written book "Charity Detox." Yet what is new is really quite informative. To think that so many Christians in our churches every Sunday could have the potential to alleviate poverty is worth shouting out from the pulpits. Great book.
8 reviews
June 21, 2017
Excellent follow-on to his previous book Toxic Charity. Both books will challenge your view of how to best serve the financial poor. Toxic Charity focuses heavily on what not to do, while this book (Charity Detox) has some examples of what we should do instead. It is not an exhaustive list, but that is because the problems are difficult and complex.
Profile Image for Jennifer Hill.
39 reviews
January 31, 2018
The author has good things to say about long-term results, the strengths of communities and mixed-income partnerships. Unfortunately, he seems unable to articulate why, if "enlightened self-interest" is such a no-brainer for "wealth creators," they don't already engage in the actions he claims are natural.
Profile Image for Steve.
738 reviews2 followers
January 12, 2020
I agree with his general theories but this book does not provide convincing evidence. Full of repetition, much of appears to be reading his power point. I never knew that Jesus was such a disciple of Adam Smith or even Ayn Rand, but I am sure it sells to his conservative donors. Many good ideas and examples but more like a sermon than a book.
Profile Image for Marilyn.
826 reviews17 followers
October 14, 2024
This was a very good follow-up to Toxic Charity. Both books made me think, and isn’t that the best use of a great book? I will continue to take a hard look at my personal spending habits, our company values, and how we serve others - always being reminded that we will never “serve” someone out of poverty.
Profile Image for Erika.
6 reviews
August 11, 2017
Interesting idea

Like the micro perspective but I think it missed some macro issues that may inhibit self sufficiency from communities. I like the concept of introspection on our charitable contributions.
901 reviews
January 15, 2018
Not as much information on how to make changes as I'd anticipated. He spent quite a few pages reiterating points from his first book, Toxic Charity. Would have liked to see more examples & ideas of empowerment in the NGOs to the poverty stricken.
Profile Image for Andrew Scholes.
294 reviews1 follower
April 26, 2019
Excellent resource for helping without hurting

This book, in addition to his previous book, Toxic Charity, show the harm that just continually giving things away rather than having people invested in earning and working is actually a detriment.
Profile Image for Sophia Lee.
174 reviews13 followers
August 1, 2017
A good read for anyone who ever wondered why we spend so much time and money on serving the poor yet don't see real results.
Profile Image for Lynn.
24 reviews1 follower
September 4, 2018
Very helpful book for anyone involved in oversea ministry or truly interested in reducing poverty.
18 reviews
March 25, 2019
Very informative with astute observations toward how we, as westerners, approach poverty.
Profile Image for Brenna.
395 reviews10 followers
May 24, 2020
While I love very much the message here, it felt like almost the same as his Toxic Charity book. I didn’t feel I heard anything different. Still good and necessary to hear, though. ♥️♥️
140 reviews2 followers
June 28, 2020
Lots to think about and hopefully, but into practice!
Profile Image for Julie Martin.
99 reviews2 followers
September 2, 2020
Love books that challenge me to rethink how I look at things and this book did that. This one was better than Toxic Charity, also by Lupton, which I recently read.
Profile Image for Belinda.
30 reviews2 followers
January 22, 2022
Compelling arguments for what Christians do wrong but not a lot of viable ideas for what to do instead. I was hoping for more practical ideas.
Profile Image for Heather Bennett.
5 reviews1 follower
August 8, 2022
Great, thought-provoking read with a very necessary message for our time.
Displaying 1 - 30 of 48 reviews

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