This book seems to me to be a bit of a mess, though my opinion has been, perhaps, to some degree influenced by the expectations I had before reading it. I was expecting a fairly straight-up work of popular science aimed at covering current theories that attempt to explain the phenomena of near death experiences (NDEs). I was expecting, in other words, a book that explored NDEs from some perspective other than that usually found on basic cable channels, wedged between documentaries on bigfoot and spontaneous human combustion. And, while this book does generally rise above pseudo-science and the accompanying parade of dubious "experts," it also doesn't quite hold to the standards most readers of popular science would expect for such a work.
My concerns were raised before I even opened the book. The book's subtitle (A Groundbreaking Study into the Nature of Life and Death) sounds more like a jacket blurb - and is not even an accurate one (but more about that below). The author's name on the cover is accompanied by his academic credentials (M.D., Ph.D.), something that one often leaves me to suspect that the book's intrinsic genius and display of scholarship may not adequately serve as their own credentials. Then again, this display probably should not be surprising, given that the book is published by Hay House, a publisher of books on self-help and spirituality, two genres in which book covers are routinely slathered with such "proofs" of academic authenticity.
The book is largely an account of a failed study into the objectivity of NDEs (had the study actually been concluded and had it actually revealed anything groundbreaking, the book's subtitle would have been at least remotely accurate). A good part of the book is memoir mixed liberally with anecdotal accounts of NDEs (always interesting, but not quite as much so here in written form as on TV with the requisite cheesy re-enactments and gauzy-lensed scenes of the afterlife or, at least, its front porch). Unfortunately, Parnia is not a gifted memoirist or anecdotalist. His selection of details often seems a bit arbitrary - he'll devote too much attention to seemingly irrelevant details and then gloss over others which seem to cry out for elucidation. He's also a serial abuser of the exclamation point! Indeed, the author seems unable to trust his own ability to convey significance or surprise without constantly prodding the reader with punctuation!
Parnia is, fortunately, more adept when conveying medical and scientific information. The parts of the book - which are disappointingly rare for a work titled What Happens When We Die - devoted to what actually happens to the human body and the brain during cardiac arrest are lucid and interesting. Had most of the book been written in this mode, I suspect it would have been quite good. Instead, the book spends most of the time providing an account of why the author is not yet actually able to tell us what actually, you know, happens when we die.
Finally, for an ostensibly science-oriented work, Parnia's book suffers a woeful dearth of footnotes or endnotes. A bibliography is provided for each chapter, but these are generally inadequate when attempting to source some of the assertions made in the chapters themselves. When, for example, Parnia says, "In fact, many scientists have argued that brain-based theories cannot fully explain the observed features of consciousness," one would normally expect to be able to turn to the back of the book and find a few cites to back this up. As it is, we simply have to take Parnia's word for it that this is actually the case.
What Happens When We Die doesn't seem quite able to decide what it wants to be - a scientific exploration of NDEs or a memoir of a doctor's attempt to conduct a potentially controversial medical study of the same. The result is a book which does neither very well.