If there are no gods to give us succor in Alicia Ostriker’s collection of poetry No Heaven, the reader does find among possible alternatives: humanity. But humanity is like the unseen babies in one of Ostriker’s poems, it is “the animal premise of the whole image.” The line comes from “Baby Carriages,” and though quoted out of context, in context it suggests even more of what I believe Ostriker is striving for in this book. The poem begins describing a photo of several women passing their time together on a park bench. One can see the strollers near them, but the speaker goes on to say:
I don’t see the babies but I feel their presence
Like invisible magnets that keep the photograph from falling apart,
The animal presence of the whole image.
By the end of the poem we also know that the photo was taken during World War II, and it is being viewed by the speaker in a museum who says:
. . . Wartime, the home front,
It makes sense, I stand in front of it on the museum wall
For a long time, thinking: here’s the real story. If only.
Where can we go with such an ending? Why, just about any where. If only women ruled the world . . . if only we thought about those babies more than other things, then the big picture of the world wouldn’t fall apart as easily as it does. But also embedded in our remembrance of the poem is that perplexing reminder, “the animal presence of the whole image,” which seems to recognize that there is an animal, hence cruel, part to human nature as well.
The collection’s title No Heaven comes from the John Lennon song “Imagine,” and though it suggests a merciless place, Lennon’s song, if you remember, also goes on to suggest a humanistic solution to the world where “all the people [end up] living life in peace,” and for that reality to come true, you must first imagine it. The poems in this book range widely from personal love poems to exphrastic poems on Schumann, Ravel, Janacek (whose name I’m sure needs an odd Eastern European accent mark that I don’t know how to make nor where to put). They range on from Botticelli’s “The Birth of Venus,” and to three Midrashic paintings by Caravaggio which Ostriker forges into a three part poem entitled “Caravaggio: The Painting of Force and Violence.” Lastly, there are the poems on the equally heavy, historical subject of war all of which bring us back to the consideration of her collection’s title.
Behind the inhumanity of the wars which Ostriker writes about starting with WWII and the Holocaust, then moving on to the Vietnam War and the demonstrations against it, and then from there to the current Iraq War, there is always an implied “why.” Of course, this can’t really be answered except to say that we carry a certain “animal presence” in us that we are capable of nurturing like those babies in the carriages, and it’s up to us whether we nurture them into aberrations of the human or into those imaginable people living peaceably in John Lennon’s song.