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Pius XII and the Third Reich: A Documentation

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English, French (translation)

238 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 1964

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About the author

Saul Friedländer

59 books83 followers
Saul Friedländer (Hebrew: שאול פרידלנדר) is an Israeli/French historian and a professor emeritus of history at UCLA.

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Displaying 1 - 3 of 3 reviews
Profile Image for Marissa Morrison.
1,873 reviews22 followers
December 20, 2007
Relying heavily on primary sources, Saul Friedlander provides a comprehensive account of Pope Pius XII’s failure to help save humanity during the Holocaust. The book consists mainly of historical documents, including speeches made by the pope, missives between the pope and the Nazis, as well as correspondence and meeting notes from Catholic clergy and international ambassadors. Friedlander concludes that Pius XII’s actions during World War II were directed by (1) his Germanophilia and (2) his belief that Germany provided the world’s only defense against “atheistic communism.”

It should be noted that Pius XII did not keep silent during the Holocaust. He had no qualms about speaking out against everyone but the Nazis. The pope publicly chastised Britain for not surrendering to Hitler, for the United States for becoming involved in the war, and the Allies for bombing German cities.

Friedlander debunks the myth that Pius XII acted out of fear of Nazi Germany. Historical documents show that Hitler was quite cordial to the pope (and vice versa), promising that Germany’s invasion of Italy would not affect the Vatican.

Friedlander also confronts the notion that Pius XII wasn’t aware of Nazi atrocities. He received vivid accounts of millions of Jewish deaths, people’s maltreatment in death camps, and even how the Nazis were putting to use specific parts of their victims’ corpses.

The “My kind matters more than anyone else” mentality that often goes along with religious thinking reached its logical, damaging conclusion under Pius XII’s reign. It seems clear that the pope was willing to sacrifice millions of Jewish lives, since he didn’t think they weren’t going to get to heaven anyway, for the promise of saving Christian souls in Russia.
Profile Image for Sonia189.
1,148 reviews31 followers
December 22, 2020
Neste livro, o autor (estudioso do tema do Holocausto e do papel da Igreja Católica aquando da II Guerra Mundial) traz-nos um resumo interessante da correspondência entre o Vaticano e os vários embaixadores e/ou responsáveis na altura tanto do lado Nazi como dos Aliados.

Pensando no objectivo deste livro - deixar que o leitor fique com uma ideia do que aconteceu e de como os vários"actores" se comportaram mediante o recurso a telegramas e cartas reais, parcialmente transcritas no livro - penso que ele foi cumprido e permite que se tenha uma ideia geral da cronologia de acontecimentos e por que razão continua a ser controverso para muitos a aparente inacção do papa Pio XII durante os anos em que Hitler esteve no poder.

Contudo, pensei mesmo que o autor nos fosse oferecer uma perspectiva mais pessoal do que significou a atitude do papa, ou até ficaria contente com uma conclusão académica dos factos e a sua análise, mas fora uma frase aqui e uma frase ali, este livro só apresenta coisas factuais.
Não é que isso seja mau mas se é referido que nem sequer ainda se tem acesso a todos os documentos, na verdade este livro é um pouco...redundante.
É informativo mas incompleto, ainda que deixe clara qual a visão parcial do papa em relação ao que ia acontecendo...
Profile Image for Joaquin.
45 reviews
January 9, 2023
No era lo que esperaba en cuánto al caso, mayormente es una recopilación de cartas, escritos o documentos donde en muy menor medida el autor realiza comentarios o expresa conclusiones. Si bien opinar al respecto puede ser polémico, y sin los documentos con el "punto de vista" del Vaticano no se puede dar un juicio de valor completo, hubiese esperado al menos que el autor se la juegue un poco más al momento de brindar opiniones o conclusiones.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
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