形成中的学科：对精英、学问与创新的跨文化研究

by G.E.R. Lloyd, 杰弗里·E.R. 劳埃德, 陈恒 (Translator)

从宽泛的意义上说，我们自己的学科图谱具有坚固不移的跨文化性。就这一假设的形成而言，全世界高等教育的结构充当了它的某个推动因素。《形成中的学科》在论及人类行为的八大领域时，对此观点做了挑战，这八大领域即哲学、数学、历史学、医学、艺术学、法学、宗教学和科学。劳埃德将注意力集中在历史和跨文化材料上，它们阐明了各学科在不同时期、不同文明中得以构建起来、得到界定的不同方式，尤其是在古希腊和中国。它们还阐明了各学科之间的关系当怎样进行理解，特别是在不同学科宣称享有霸权地位之时（这在历史上的不同时期曾发生在哲学、历史学、宗教学和科学身上）。劳埃德还探索了精英所扮演的角色，无论是积极（在他们推动学科专业化的时候）还是消极（在他们收紧准入条件，坚持让人们遵从既定规则、概念、做法从而阻碍了进一步创新的时候）的角色。

210 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2009

About the author

Sir Geoffrey Ernest Richard Lloyd is Emeritus Professor of Ancient Philosophy and Science at the Needham Research Institute. His University career has been based chiefly at the University of Cambridge, where he held various University and College posts, first at King's College and then at Darwin. From 1983 onwards he held a personal Chair in Ancient Philosophy and Science and from 1989 until retirement in 2000 he was Master of Darwin College. He served as Chairman of the East Asian History of Science trust, which is the governing body directing the work of the Needham Research Institute from 1992 to 2002, and afterward Senior Scholar in Residence at that Institute.

Prof. Lloyd has held visiting professorships and lectured across the world, in Europe (France, Italy, Spain, Germany, Portugal, Holland, Belgium, Greece) in the Far East (Fellow of the Japan society for the Promotion of Science in Tokyo in 1981, visiting professor at Beijing daxue in 1987, visiting professor at Sendai in 1991, and the first Zhu Kezhen Visiting Professor in the History of Science at the Institute for the History of Natural Science, Beijing, in 2001), in Australasia (Hood Professor at the Department of Philosophy at the University of Auckland, 2006) and in North America (Bonsall professor, Stanford in 1981; Sather professor Berkeley in 1984; AD White professor at large, Cornell from 1990 to 1996; also lectured at Harvard, Princeton, the Princeton Institute for Advanced Studies, Yale, Brown, University of Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, UCLA, Austin, Chicago among other places).

He has served on the editorial committees of 10 journals, including Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science, Journal of the History of Astronomy, Physis, History of the Human Sciences, Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, Endoxa and Antiquorum Philosophia.