Scott was a member of the Jesus Seminar, a group who sought to understand and define the historical person of Jesus. Their mission was to uncover the man named Jesus who walked and talked in Galilee and Samaria and Judea. This book is an excellent exploration of the parables of Jesus IN THEIR HISTORICAL CONTEXT. Part of the issue with the way we read parables today is we have lost the cultural and historical understandings that are so critical to interpretation. We define and interpret the parables from a modern perspective. Scott asserts that the first thing (and I agree) that we need to understand is that this was not a capitalist economy that was driven by legalism and governmental systems. It was a redistribution economy in an honor & shame culture and that understanding permeates the parables and they must be heard from that perspective if we want to retain their full meaning for us.
Scott suggests that the parables of the leaven and the mustard seed are two of the parables that are most definitive of Jesus' understanding of the Kingdom of God and are defining from a historical perspective as well. He uses the parable of the leaven as his foundation for the book. We understand this parable today as sweet parable about the kingdom of heaven starting small and growing amazingly large. That is not its context. God was represented in Israel as UN-leavened bread not leavened. The idea of leaven was a contaminant for the people of this time - nothing holy was leavened. Indeed, the woman conceals the leaven, she hides it - secrets it away, and she does so in a very large amount of flour - 3 measures (3 being the number of the messianic feast). Thus we understand the kingdom of God to be a contaminant that comes secretly, quietly, and contaminates the world. The kingdom of Jesus is not a kingdom that comes with violent overthrow, which was the usual way empire was built, but one that comes to subvert the status quo and to contaminate all the ways of the world until the world has been subverted from its ways to the Way of Jesus. From here Scott invites us to re-imagine the world.