The workshop on Modeling and Simulation for Emergency Management and Health Care Systems was held from July 24 to July 25, 2008 in Boston, MA. The workshop program included presentations and six breakout sessions that invited attendees to formulate recommendations in selected areas. The workshop explored 1) simulation opportunities and requirements for health care, and 2) what is needed to develop, demonstrate, and deploy a framework to enable simulations to share information within the industry. This document summarizes the key points from the talks and workshop breakout sessions. The appendices provide related information on organizations, supporting standards associated with this area, and reference information.