In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest in anomie theory as an approach to explain deviant or criminal behavior. The concept argues that society encourages individuals to seek lofty goals but fails to effectively regulate their conduct in pursuit of those unattainable ideals; this breakdown in social structure pressures individuals to commit crimes because they are unable to satisfy desires through legitimate means. This collection of original essays by key figures in the revival of anomie theory thoroughly explores recent developments in the field and charts the future direction of anomie in criminological research. The contributors examine revised and extended versions of classic anomie theory at the micro- and macro-levels, reevaluate previous empirical research on classic theory, discuss more sophisticated qualitative and quantitative techniques for testing anomie theory, and analyze the significant links between strain and anomie theory. Taken together, the selections demonstrate that contemporary anomie theory is a significant and distinctive strategy for studying deviance and crime.