History and Theory of Human Experimentation: The Declaration of Helsinki and Modern Medical Ethics

by Ulf Schmidt

Despite having been revised and criticised over the years, the Declaration of Helsinki remains one of the most important and internationally known ethics codes worldwide. Yet we know relatively little about its historical origins or about the prolonged revision process which accompanied this ôliving documentö. The chapters presented in this volume look at the history and theory of human experimentation, assess the role of the Helsinki Declaration in an international context, and illustrate specific issues about the history and practice of research ethics through a number of case studies in the United States, Asia and Europe. To this day, the Declaration is one of the most important landmarks in human subject research which is aimed at protecting experimental subjects in society. The current volume offers a better and historically-informed understanding of the Declaration to ensure that the existing safeguards are not only preserved but developed and improved in the future. Die 1964 veröffentlichte Deklaration zu Helsinki ist einer der wichtigsten und international bekanntesten Kodizes zur Forschungsethik, dessen Entstehungsgeschichte von steter Kritik und zahlreichen Überarbeitungen begleitet wurde. Dennoch weiá man relativ wenig ber die historischen Wurzeln und Novellierungsprozesse dieses ägewachsenen Dokumentsô der Medizingeschichte. Bis zum heutigen Tag ist die Deklaration einer der bedeutendsten Wegweiser f r die Forschung am Menschen, deren grundsätzliches Ziel es ist, Versuchspersonen in medizinischen Experimenten zu sch tzen. Der Band beleuchtet Geschichte und Theorie der Experimente am Menschen, untersucht die Rolle der Deklaration im internationalen Kontext und illustriert spezifische Themen zur Geschichte und Praxis der Forschungsethik anhand von Fallstudien zu den USA, Asien und Europa. Auáerdem geben die Studien Einblick in die Entstehungsgeschichte der Deklaration - nicht nur um die bestehenden Standards zum Schutz von Versuchspersonen zu bewahren, sondern auch um diese zuk nftig weiterzuentwickeln und zu verbessern. Aus dem Inhalt Ulf Schmidt / Andreas History and Ehtics of Human the Twisted Road to Helsinki. An Introduction History and Theory of Medical Research Ethics Ulrich Trö The Long Road of Moral Doctors' Ethos and Statute Law Relating to Human Research in Europe Dietrich von The Historical and Philosophical Background of Ethics in Clinical Research Ulf The Nuremberg Doctors' Trial and the Nuremberg Code Till Bä Communicating ôTainted Scienceö: The Japanese Biological Warfare Experiments on Human Subjects in China The Helsinki Declaration in an International Context Susan E. Research Without The Origins of the Declaration of Helsinki Povl Forty Years of the Declaration of Progress in Medical Ethics? Kati Myllymä Revising the Declaration of An Insiders' View Robert Carlson / Kenneth Boyd / David The Interpretation of Codes of Medical Some Lessons from the Fifth Revision of the Declaration of Helsinki David Medical Ethics and Public The Declaration of Helsinki and its Revisions in 2000 Dominique Sprumont / Sara Girardin / Trudo The Helsinki Declaration and the An International and Comparative Analysis History and Ethics of Research - International Perspectives Andreas History of Medicine and Ethics in Research on National Socialism as Moral Problem Ulf Medical Ethics and Human Experiments at Porton Informed Consent in Britain's Biological and Chemical Warfare Experiments John The Declaration of Helsinki. The Importance of Context Jonathan D. Helsinki into the Future. An Epilogue Key Documents on the History of Research Ethics Circular of the Reich Minister of the Interior Concerning Guidelines for New Therapy and Human Experimentation (Berlin, 1931) ù The Nuremberg Code (1947) ù World Medical Declaration of Helsinki I (1964) ù World Medical Declaration of Helsinki II (Tokyo, 1975) ù Council of Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (Oviedo, 1997) ù World Medical Declaration of Helsinki (2004).

370 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 2007