This volume elucidates the dramatic changes taking place in Middle Eastern cities during the first half of the 20th century - a period which, until now, has received very little attention when compared to the wide range of studies focusing on earlier periods and the present situation. During this period radical changes took place with the introduction of new public spheres and places - and with these a new society emerged. The focus of the contributions is on the development of these changes and how they were experienced and interpreted by the inhabitants of the cities and towns. The approach is interdisciplinary and the contributions deal with a wide range of topics such as the development of cinema, museums, entertainment, city planning, poetry and trade, where examples are drawn from different cities and towns such as Cairo, Tunis, Istanbul, Damascus and Sana'a.