Offering an overview of the most important recent regional demographic developments in Europe, this book examines their links with economic developments, a set of possible demographic futures organized as policy related scenarios and the corresponding implications for regional policies. The authors assess the effects of demographic trends and migration flows on European regions and cities and examine the implications for economic and social cohesion, taking into account as well the possible effects of climate change. This book provides policy makers and politicians with a scientific basis to underpin policy decisions and researchers, advanced undergraduate and master's students of demography, geography, planning and other social sciences knowledge on and insight into the projection framework for policy scenarios.