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商君書: 完整原文(繁體中文)
商鞅 及後學
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《商君書》也稱《商子》,現存26篇 ,是戰國時期法家學派的代表作之一,是中國家喻戶曉的人物商鞅及其後學的著作彙編。《商君書》著重論述商鞅一派在當時秦國施行的變法理論和具體措施。《商君書》論述了“強國弱民”。例如:《商君書》中有“民弱國強,國強民弱。故有道之國務在弱民。樸則強,淫則弱。弱則軌,淫則越志。弱則有用,越志則強。故曰:以強去強者,弱;以弱去強者,強。”能夠戰勝強敵、稱霸天下的國家,必須控製本國的人民,使之成為“弱民”,而不是“淫民”。商鞅認為國家的強勢和人民的強勢是對立的。只有使人民順從法律、樸實忠厚,人民才不易結成強大的力量來對抗國家和君主,這樣國家才會容易治理,君主的地位才會牢固。但是,不要把“弱民”理解成“愚民”。 《商君書》中認為人性本惡,必須承認人之惡性,治理國家要以惡治善才能使國家強大。 《商君書》中主張重刑輕賞,他認為加重刑罰,減少獎賞,是君主愛護民眾,民眾就會拼命爭奪獎賞;增加獎賞,減輕刑罰,是君主不愛護民眾,民眾就不會為獎賞而拼死奮鬥。讀一本好書,如同和有智慧的古人進行對話,邀請您一同閱讀。
Kindle Edition
Published April 4, 2022
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商鞅 及後學
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