The book contains the first part of extended abstracts on various issues of ecology and conservation of the butterflies of Europe presented at a Conference held in Leipzig, 5-9th of December, 2005. Sections covered are: ecology of butterflies - Habitat requirements, Habitat models and landscape influences; Evolutionary biology; Distribution and phenology; Conservation of butterflies and global change - Monitoring butterflies across Europe; Population biology and land use. Keynote speakers of the part covered within this volume are: Chris van Swaay (The Netherlands), Andreas Erhardt (Switzerland), Jane Hill (UK) and John Dover (UK).