Roman Legionary vs Gallic Warrior: 58–52 BC

Osprey Combat #55

by David Campbell

In the manner of many Roman generals, Caesar would write his domestic political ambitions in the blood and treasure of foreign lands. His governorship of Cisalpine Gaul gave him the opportunity to demonstrate the greatness of his character to the people of Rome through the subjugation of those outside Rome's borders. The fact that the main account of the subsequent wars in Gaul was written by Caesar himself – by far the most detailed history of the subject, with new reports issued annually for the eager audience at home –is no accident. The Roman Army of the late Republic had long been in the process of structural and change, moving towards the all-volunteer permanent standing force that would for centuries be the bulwark of the coming Empire. Well-armed and armoured, this professional army was trained to operate within self-supporting legions, with auxiliaries employed in roles the legions lacked such as light troops or cavalry. The Roman legions were in many ways a modern force, with formations designed around tactical goals and held together by discipline, training and common purpose. The armies fielded by the tribes of Gaul were for the most part lightly armed and armoured, with fine cavalry and a well-deserved reputation for ferocity. As might be expected from a region made up of different tribes with a range of needs and interests, there was no consensus on how to make war, though when large armies were gathered it was usually with the express purpose of bringing the enemy to heel in a pitched battle. For most Gauls – and certainly the military elites of the tribes – battle was an opportunity to prove their personal courage and skill, raising their status in the eyes of friends and foes alike. Fully illustrated, this study investigates the Roman and Gallic forces pitched into combat in three Bibracte (58 BC), Sabis (57 BC) and Gergovia/Alesia (52 BC). Although charismatic Gallic leaders did rise up – notably Dumnorix of the Aedui and later Vercingetorix of the Arverni – and proved to be men capable of bringing together forces that had the prospect of checking Caesar's ambitions in the bloodiest of ways, it would not be enough. For Caesar his war against the Gauls provided him with enormous power and the springboard he needed to make Rome his own, though his many domestic enemies would ensure that he did not long enjoy his success.

131 pages, Kindle Edition

Published April 15, 2021

About the author

David Campbell has worked as a new media producer and content specialist for many years, including roles at IBM, the BBC, various Internet consultancies and the British civil service. He is the author of a number of titles for Osprey.

Reviews

[Robert Hepple · Rating 4 out of 5]

Published in 2021, 'Roman Legionary versus Gallic Warrior 58-52BC' is number 55 in the 'Combat' series of military histories from publishers Osprey. In this volume, a comparison between the two warrior types in the title over the dates specified is told against a background of Caesar's campaign to conquer Gaul, emphasising the tactics used by them. There fore it is not in any way a comprehensive history of the campaign, although other reviewers have found it a useful guide to the key events. Fairly short, but well illustrated and informative.

[Theo · Rating 4 out of 5]

This book was a great resource for my history paper! Very comprehensible and well organised to the extent that everything was well placed in a logical order. I learned more from this than the 10 other books I read.
if you love Roman history and are looking for something fun to read, I would definitely recommend this.

[Garrett Olinde · Rating 4 out of 5]

Good