Bali is one of the world’s best-known tourism brands. However, for many people it is not just a destination, but a state of mind. Perhaps that is why the Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru once poetically called Bali, ‘The morning of the world.’
Intriguingly, the island gives visitors a glimpse of what might have been had coastal Islamic Sultanates, such as Demak, not defeated the Hindu kingdom of Majapahit, changing the character of what was then the early Dutch East Indies, and eventually, modern Indonesia. (Bali is sometimes referred to as a ‘living museum of Hindu-Buddhist Java’). However, for many, the fascination with Bali is not about the past at all; it is about the right now. For this reason, Bali can teach us many lessons in these unsettling days. One is about the value of an ancient culture that has stood the test of time—withstanding the forces of globalization and cultural homogenization.
Bali represents the hope that human diversity can survive the 21st century. For reasons not completely understood by anthropologists, Balinese culture remains vibrant, complex and colourful, both despite mass tourism and because of it. Bali has not withered into a pale brochure-like parody of itself because of the onslaught of the modern world, but instead has thrived and prospered by reinventing itself in parallel with, and not in isolation from, other influences.
Human societies are never static; they are always changing. They may be in decline like the tribal cultures of Africa, the Indian sub-continent and the Americas, or they may be in the ascendancy, like American consumer ‘Coca-Cola culture’. The point is—none stand still. Bali likewise is changing, but in ways that often surprise and delight.
In 'Secrets of Bali: Fresh Light on the Morning of the World' Jonathan Copeland and Ni Wayan Murni present a wonderfully fast-moving account of Bali from the outside in and from the inside out. The book places Bali into the warp and weft of a historical tapestry of ever-changing contemporary life. It explains, clarifies and reveals. And it generously offers the reader a feast of rare and passionate insights from a man who has so obviously fallen in love with Bali, and from a woman, who in so many ways, is Bali.
Dr Rob Goodfellow.