Supported by data from projects carried out by the Special Needs Research Centre at Newcastle University, this study acknowledges the importance of advocacy of particular approaches, but argues that it should be supported by empirical evidence. The authors emphasize the historical perspective of special needs education (missing from much of the literature on the subject) and outline a model of the major forces and processes which shape special needs education at any given time. Distributed in the US by Books International. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.