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易中天中华史 #22
严嵩与张居正 (易中天中华史 22)
易中天
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朱元璋成功实现了王朝私有化,在他架设的舞台上,政治剧终于被演成了家庭伦理剧。在这出悲喜剧中,聪明如严嵩也是受害者,清廉如海瑞只好当摆设,帝王师与实干家张居正,只侥幸逃过开棺戮尸的下场。在第22卷“中华史”中,易中天先生尝试回答:这一切是为什么。他用一以贯之的严谨态度,更上层楼的生动笔触,尊重人性之复杂,拒绝“昏君”“奸臣”之简单化标签,还历史人物一个公道,并且尝试回应那个更为庞大的问题:大明衰于何时,亡于谁手?在明代皇帝中,嘉靖是最长袖善舞的。他既能够保证大权在握,又不像朱元璋和明成祖那样辛苦,倒霉的便只有他的臣僚和帝国。首辅走马灯般更替,直到严嵩上台。终其一生,严嵩都只是宠臣而非权臣。他虽然害人不浅,却终归被嘉靖皇帝坑了。几经沉浮的海瑞更反映出一个怪现象:谁都知道海瑞是清廉的,但几乎谁都要孤立他。孤独的海瑞甚至不能辞职,只能当作活化石供在南京,作为帝国推崇道德的招牌。张居正则更为复杂,他趁着皇帝年幼,抓紧推行改革,到头来却以差点被开棺戮尸收场。唯一可以肯定的是,作为教育者,他是失败的;作为改革者,也是失败的。万历帝三十三岁以后就不再视朝,躲在深宫悄无声息。阁臣爱见不见,奏章爱批不批,他到底干了什么呢?大明是否如后人所说,亡于万历而非崇祯?易中天1947年出生于长沙,曾在新疆工作,先后任教于武汉大学、厦门大学,现居江南某镇,潜心写作“易中天中华史”。
193 pages, Kindle Edition
Published August 1, 2020
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易中天
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November 3, 2022
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