The politics of nuclear weapons proliferation is high on the international agenda. Deep divisions have emerged between the nuclear haves and have-nots over the appropriate next steps in arms control and disarmament. In this study, a group of Australian and international scholars analyze some of the key issues in the nuclear nonproliferation debate. They examine the conceptual and legal foundations of arms control and nonproliferation and look at the nonproliferation agenda from the perspective of individual countries or regions, focusing primarily on the situation in Asia. Also explored are the new and unconventional diplomatic approaches changing the international negotiating environment.