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Elmer / Le Père Abraham

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Quoique très différents (l'un tout entier tourné vers un "moi" à la croisée des chemins, l'autre vers les autres, ces paysans du Mississippi qu'il rendra célèbres), les deux inédits que contient ce volume ont plusieurs caractères communs : ce sont deux débuts de romans, ils sont tous deux restés inachevés, et ils datent de la même période (les années 1925 -1927) qui vit Faulkner, la trentaine approchant, entrer dans une phase d'activité littéraire intense et décisive pour son avenir de romancier. Trente ans plus tard, il déclara qu'il avait abandonné Elmer parce que "c'était drôle, mais pas assez". Il faut croire qu'il confondait avec ce "Portrait d'Elmer" qu'il tira en 1935 de son roman avorté ("Portrait" qu'on peut lire dans Idylle au désert et autres nouvelles). Car Elmer est diablement sérieux, puisque la question posée n'est rien de moins que celle-ci : comment devient-on artiste ? Le protagoniste veut être peintre, et même peintre parisien : Elmer, au fond, c'est, en termes à peine voilés, le Bildungsroman de Faulkner lui-même pendant son bref séjour à Paris, à l'automne de 1925. Avec Le Père Abraham, en revanche, nous sommes bel et bien dans le Mississippi, le plus vrai, le plus paysan et le plus reculé, celui de la future trilogie des Snopes, dont voici le texte fondateur. Et quel texte ! On a eu raison de dire que, de toute sa jeunesse, Faulkner n'a rien écrit de mieux. Il n'en fallait pas moins de métier pour achever l'épopée rustique (et burlesque) des Snopes : Le hameau, ce chef-d'oeuvre d'humour américain, devra attendre 1940, et La ville et Le domaine respectivement 1957 et 1959.

252 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1928

17 people want to read

About the author

William Faulkner

1,467 books10.9k followers
William Cuthbert Faulkner was an American writer. He is best known for his novels and short stories set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, Mississippi, a stand-in for Lafayette County where he spent most of his life. A Nobel laureate, Faulkner is one of the most celebrated writers of American literature and often is considered the greatest writer of Southern literature.
Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi, and raised in Oxford, Mississippi. During World War I, he joined the Royal Canadian Air Force, but did not serve in combat. Returning to Oxford, he attended the University of Mississippi for three semesters before dropping out. He moved to New Orleans, where he wrote his first novel Soldiers' Pay (1925). He went back to Oxford and wrote Sartoris (1927), his first work set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County. In 1929, he published The Sound and the Fury. The following year, he wrote As I Lay Dying. Later that decade, he wrote Light in August, Absalom, Absalom! and The Wild Palms. He also worked as a screenwriter, contributing to Howard Hawks's To Have and Have Not and The Big Sleep, adapted from Raymond Chandler's novel. The former film, adapted from Ernest Hemingway's novel, is the only film with contributions by two Nobel laureates.
Faulkner's reputation grew following publication of Malcolm Cowley's The Portable Faulkner, and he was awarded the 1949 Nobel Prize in Literature for "his powerful and unique contribution to the modern American novel." He is the only Mississippi-born Nobel laureate. Two of his works, A Fable (1954) and The Reivers (1962), won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Faulkner died from a heart attack on July 6, 1962, following a fall from his horse the month before. Ralph Ellison called him "the greatest artist the South has produced".

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