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白銀帝國:從唐帝國到明清盛世,貨幣如何影響中國的興衰

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明朝大航海時代,中國進入世界經濟體的洪流中,
繁盛的貿易使大量白銀流入,古老帝國成為貪婪的巨獸,
但白銀卻從經濟風火輪,轉為天朝斷魂碑?
《白銀帝國》不只是貨幣史,更是一部從幣制管窺國運興盛的政經史。

  ■ 紙鈔為何自宋朝始用後,總是悲劇性收場?
  ■ 不產銀的中國,為何被迫成為銀本位國家?
  ■ 甲午戰爭、中日抗戰的引線,白銀也是其中關鍵?
  ■ 鴉片戰爭的背後,其實是全球經濟之戰?
  ■ 一九三○年的大蕭條時代,何以是民初經濟的黃金十年?

  中國是最早展開紙鈔試驗的國家,在貨幣史上常與錢幣、白銀三者並用。錢幣通常由銅、鐵、鋼等廉價金屬鑄成,不利遠行攜帶,進而發展出便於匯兌、攜帶的鈔票;但為何最便利的鈔票,卻難以通行於民間,反之是白銀成為朝廷屢屢禁不得的貨幣?甚至最終給予合法地位,使白銀流通天下?

  明朝以後絲綢、茶葉、瓷器流通至全球貿易,使白銀大量流入,至此中國成為銀本位國家,締造繁榮盛世。然而「白銀帝國」之路,是光環,也是詛咒。當十八、十九世紀全球從金銀複本位轉向金本位,而後過渡到現代金融法定貨幣系統時,中國未跟隨世界潮流,導致對外戰爭如鴉片戰爭、甲午戰爭的失敗。一國財經政策,足以左右國運,日本藉經濟改革一躍成為亞洲強國;中國則因幣制的混亂、紙鈔的信用破產,讓列強有機可乘,千年根基於百年內傾圮。

  自宋元以降到近代,白銀的使用與演變,從內需至接軌國際,一部中國千年貨幣史悄然成形。然而做為經濟學者,徐瑾的書寫野心不僅止於此,透過爬梳歷史變易,她發現王朝的傾滅都與疲弱的幣制有關;而中西金融史的比較,更顯現了中西大分流和中國銀本位對後世帶來的影響。因此,此書不僅是中國貨幣史,也是一部經濟如何影響國家命運的政治史,從歷史的迴音中,為現世敲響警鐘。

384 pages, Kindle Edition

Published September 4, 2018

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徐瑾

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Displaying 1 - 2 of 2 reviews
Profile Image for Coco.
208 reviews
March 3, 2023
Good intro into Chinese monetary history through the lens of silver.

I am glad the author did not venture into communist history at all. I find that authors from China have a tendency to sing praises of the Chinese Communist party. This unfortunately casts doubt to the credibility of all of their work. This author smartly stopped before 1949 so I find the book readable.

There is a thought these days that rudderless fiat currencies are causing problems of inflation and other social issues however from Chinese history it appears using a noble metal did not solve all problems, merely introduced another set, deflation among others.

Profile Image for Hqwxyz.
446 reviews4 followers
October 17, 2020
与郭建龙的《中央帝国的财经密码》相比,还是显得薄弱。但郭书缺乏民国部分,此书有不错的补充。
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