Sir Peter Paul Rubens (28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640) was a Flemish artist and diplomat.
Rubens was one of the last major artists to make consistent use of wooden panels as a support medium, even for very large works. For altarpieces, he sometimes painted on slate to reduce reflection problems.
Rubens lived and painted in Italy for nearly a decade & his experiences there continued to influence his work even after his return to Flanders. His stay in Italy also allowed him to build a network of friendships with important figures of his time such as the scientist Galileo Galilei.