This is a popular science book that received awards, and ranks high on the Chinese medical book lists. It is easy-to-read, and very helpful for people who want to understand more about their bodies, and the cancer disease.
Some commonsense about cancer: 1) What is it? I'm not super professional on this, but in very intuitive language, cancer means that there exist a kind of cell that are super good at replicating itself in a person's body.
- Fast and massive replication means that such cells can occupy some of your organs. If that organ happens to be the lungs, then the person cannot breath well. If the cells are at a less important part of the body, then it is okay to undertake an operation to remove that part, so that the cancer cells are also got rid of.
- The reason for such cancer cell to exist: Our body keep generating new cells by duplicating the DNA, RNA, etc. There can be errors and misses in such duplication. Most errors are okay and the body can tolerate that. As the person gets older, the total number of duplications is high, and the accumulated risk of having a cancer cell is higher. Once our immune system cannot kill these cancer cells, the person becomes ill.
2) How to treat it?
- Very much like a binary classification model. Drugs/treatments aim to identify from all the cells which are cancer cells, and which are good cells.
- Formulating this as a binary classification model means that in terms of evaluation, there will be true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative. So when evaluating whether the treatment make sense, we look at false positive and false negative. Failure to kill cancer cells means that the cancer cell will remain in the body and continue reproducing. However, side effects (i.e., killing good cells) will cause the body to be weaker, e.g., chemical treatment will kill cells that holds the hair, so people are likely to be bald after chemical treatment.
- There are some simple cases such as Thyroid cancer, for which it is easy to make the I2 carry some poisons so that the cancer cells in the thyroid will take the I2 and also die from it.
- More cases are hard to solve, i.e. having a large false positive and/or false negative rate.