Focusing on the concept, measurement and theory of intra-industry trade, this book includes an intensive study of Canada during a period of dramatic changes in the world economy. Methods used to analyze IIT in other countries (notably Balassa, EEC, Grubel-Lloyd, Australia, OECD) have been applied to examine the Canadian case. Alternative measurements of IIT are examined, resulting in discussion of a wide range of theoretical, empirical and policy aspects. The results reveal that the extent of Canada's IIT is remarkably high, both across countries and across industries. Time-series analysis indicated that a substantial growth in IIT has taken place over the years 1962-1987.