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From Judgment to Hope: A Study on the Prophets

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While conservative interpreters might believe that prophets were predictors and progressives believe the prophets to be simply social advocates, Walter Brueggemann argues that the prophets were “emancipated imaginers of alternative.” Emancipated from the dominant thinking of their societies, the prophets imagined an alternative reality and invited listeners to join them in their commitment to that new reality.

In this collection of studies, popular biblical scholar Walter Brueggemann explores the Major Prophets, the Minor Prophets, and the prophets of the Persian Age. By highlighting the common themes of judgment and hope found in the prophets’ messages, Brueggemann invites readers to consider what those messages mean for us today. Questions for reflection conclude each chapter. From Judgment to Hope is suitable for individual or group study.

103 pages, Paperback

Published October 29, 2019

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About the author

Walter Brueggemann

317 books576 followers
Walter Brueggemann was an American Christian scholar and theologian who is widely considered an influential Old Testament scholar. His work often focused on the Hebrew prophetic tradition and the sociopolitical imagination of the Church. He argued that the Church must provide a counter-narrative to the dominant forces of consumerism, militarism, and nationalism.

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Displaying 1 - 15 of 15 reviews
Profile Image for Bob.
2,500 reviews730 followers
May 20, 2022
Summary: A survey study of the prophets centering on the movement in these books from judgment to hope.

Walter Brueggemann is one of the foremost scholars on the prophetic literature in the Bible. This book represents a distillation of his scholarship, suited for an adult education course in a church or other group. He focuses on a common thread running through the books, a movement from judgment to hope similar to the New Testament movement from cross to resurrection to return in glory. He helps us understand the prophets in their historical context, their canonical context, and our contemporary context.

He begins with a chapter on the three major prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel offering this summary:

Isaiah: Jerusalem lost and renewed
Jeremiah: covenant broken and restored
Ezekial: temple nullified and revivified

Brueggemann, like many scholars, adheres to a “three Isaiah” approach to Isaiah and devotes a chapter to First Isaiah and one to Second and Third Isaiah. First Isaiah traces the announcements of God’s justice due to the people’s injustices, the temporary salvation and eventual fall of Jerusalem, culminating in that fall and hope for restoration. Second Isaiah begins with the highway for our God and culminates with Israel the Servant. The discussion of Third Isaiah centers on the house of prayer for all peoples, God’s chosen fast, and the Spirit of the Lord speaking through the prophet of the new Jerusalem.

Then Brueggemann reviews the “Minor Prophets” in four groups of three, with correspondence to the major prophets:

The eight century BCE prophets (Isaiah)

Amos: justice and righteousness
Hosea: steadfast love and knowledge of God
Micah: justice and kindness

The seventh century BCE prophets (Jeremiah) — focusing on punishment, both covenantal and cosmic dimensions

Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah

The sixth century BCE prophets (Ezekiel) — focusing on restoration, both covenantal and cosmic dimensions

Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi

The outliers

Jonah
Obadiah
Joel

Brueggemann only focuses individual chapters on the eight and sixth century BCE prophets. Patricia K. Tull supplements Brueggemann’s work with an introductory overview and a book by book summary in rough chronological order. In the after matter, you will also find a timeline placing the books along key events, familiar quotations from Isaiah and a brief glossary.

This work does offer an introduction to the major contours of the prophetic books, but aside from reflection questions that seem better suited to individual reading, does not seem well-organized for an adult course. It is a good review, though it seems quite cursory especially in its treatment of the seventh century minor prophets and the “outliers.” Frankly, this was a bit disappointing for a Brueggemann work, and unless you are collecting everything he has written, I would pass this one by.
Profile Image for José Aguilar.
Author 3 books67 followers
July 3, 2025
4,5*, I wished there was more material on Jeremiah and Ezechiel
Profile Image for Robert D. Cornwall.
Author 37 books127 followers
November 3, 2019
When it comes to the prophets of Israel, who better than Walter Brueggemann to provide an introduction? After all, Brueggemann has the visage of a prophet. Besides, he has written widely on the prophets, and most especially on Isaiah (all three iterations).

"From Judgment to Hope" is a brief study guide on the prophets, whom Brueggemann calls "emancipated imaginers of alternative." In other words, in Brueggemann's mind the prophets aren't predictors of the future or social advocates (at least not completely. They are emancipated because they are free from "absolutizing assumptions." They are imagers because their bold words offer "an alternative reality that is out beyond conventional expectation and so is unthinkable and unutterable in conventional expectation." Finally, they offer an "alternative to the social reality that is so obviously in front of us." (pp. vii-viii).

Brueggemann picks up this study of the prophets after Patricia Tull provides an introduction to the prophets. Tull provides a helpful overview, so the reader or study group knows the lay of the land. Brueggemann starts off with his own introduction to the three major prophets --- Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel. You may notice that the fourth "major prophet," Daniel is not present. That book doesn't appear, which is a reminder that Daniel isn't considered prophetic literature, but is an apocalyptic text. Having offered us a nice overview of the three prophets, he spends two chapters diving deeper into First Isaiah (chapter 2) and then Second and Third Isaiah (Chapter 3). Of First Isaiah, he notes the focus on Jerusalem, suggesting that for Isaiah Jerusalem is the "epicenter of all meaning, the icon of ultimate religious possibility and all historical prospects" (p. 24). The later iterations of Isaiah, of course, come much later, after the destruction of Jerusalem, offering comfort to a people who have lost their center.

While the first three chapters focus on the Major Prophets, with special attention given to Isaiah, the final three chapters focus on the so-called "Minor Prophets." Brueggemann spends one chapter looking at the twelve together, noting that this is not simply a collection, but that it exhibits a certain organizing principle --- one that is chronological in nature. One aspect of Brueggemann's treatment is that he recognizes the value of a canonical approach. So, take note of the fact that the Book of the Twelve begins with Hosea in the eighth century and ends with the fifth-century prophet -- Malichi. Theologically, he notes that the message is that Israel and Judah are under divine judgment. In the seventh century, Jerusalem is disintegrating and questions of divine justice begin to emerge. Finally, those appearing in the sixth and fifth century speak of recovery and with it hope. From Judgment to Hope! That takes care of nine of the twelve, but as for Joel, Obadiah, and Jonah, they simply stand outside any chronological placement.

With this laid out, Brueggemann dives deeper into six of the twelve. Chapter 5 focuses on the most important of the Twelve -- the three eighth-century prophets -- Hosea, Amos, and Micah. Their message centers on the "covenantal mandate of solidarity" between the powerful and the poor -- the prophets call for the practice of neighborly solidarity, something not being practiced. If the 8th-century prophets were concerned about exploitation, the three prophets from the Persian Period were focused on restoration, including the rebuilding of the Temple (Haggai and Zechariah).

For each of the chapters, discussion questions are provided, making this useful for a small group. In addition, Patricia Tull provides, as something of an appendix, a brief summary of each of the prophetic books (with estimated dates). There is also a timeline and listing of well-known quotations from Isaiah and a glossary of terms. In other words, this is a nice, accessible introduction to the prophets written by one of the best known Christian scholars of the Hebrew Bible.
Profile Image for Conrade Yap.
376 reviews9 followers
December 20, 2019
What comes to mind when we think about the biblical prophets? Perhaps, a cursory reading might make the reader think that they were mere judgment prophets, always giving bad news to kings and leaders of corrupt nations. While they do pronounce judgments from God on evil kings, they are also prophets of hope, and in the words of the author, they are "emancipated imaginers of alternative." This vision of hope per se needs something else: Their realization from loss to restoration. Thus, the main thrusts of the prophetical books are two-fold: 1) "from judgment to hope"; 2) "from loss to restoration." Not only is this the prophetic thrust, it is also the gospel emphasis as stated in the Eucharist: "Christ has died. Christ is risen, Christ will come again." The prophets are more than mere judgment or statements of hope. It is the whole revelation of God from judgment to redemption; and from loss to restoration. What a holistic view of the prophets. Filled with gems for interpretation and many insights to the major and minor prophets, readers are in for a treat in this book.


According to author Walter Brueggemann, there are three contexts to be aware of when reading the prophets. First, we need to understand the "historical contexts." This is especially important as many of us are reading off the lens of the modern world and would find the ancient world foreign and unfamiliar. This requires some knowledge of geography, cultural differences, vocabulary, and where needed archaeology and historical backgrounds. Second, there is the "canonical contexts," something many people have unwittingly left out. This is linking together the books to form a bigger picture of God's revelation. There is a pattern of how the major prophets are connected to the minor prophets. Themes can also be drawn from such contexts leading to multiple insights about God's message. Third, there is the "contemporary context" in which we find some relevance of ancient biblical texts to our modern world. This is an area that demands "prophetic imagination," an idea made popular by the author himself. The book is framed as follows.

1) Introduction to the Prophets
2) The Three Major Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel
3) First Isaiah (chapters 1-39)
4) Second Isaiah (chapters 40-66)
5) The Twelve Minor Prophets
6) Three Important Minor Prophets (Hosea, Amos, and Micah)
7) Three Persian Era Prophets (Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi)
8) Miscellaneous

Written like a handbook for preachers and teachers of the Bible, this book is a fine resource for background check and introductory material presentation. Readers will unlikely to feel overwhelmed. Instead, the simplicity of presentation encourages readers not to be afraid to tackle the teaching of the prophetical books, something many people have shunned thinking they are too hard to understand, let alone be preached on. Some have also avoided the prophets altogether, choosing to let the "experts" do all the talking and speaking. That should not be the case. If the Bible is God's Word, then all of the Bible should be preached.

The careful reader might be asking: What about Daniel? The co-author to the Introduction, Patricia Tull comments that "Daniel was not considered a prophetic book, and it differs substantially in form, content, and message). With one simple sentence, it was left out. Honestly, if we are looking at the prophetical books from a "canonical context" perspective, it would be hard to ignore Daniel altogether. So, this is something disputable.

My Thoughts
There are three things I like about the book. First, it is written by one of the most respected teachers of the Old Testament. In order to produce something simple to understand, one needs to be bold to know what to include and what to exclude. Moreover, as a seasoned preacher himself, Brueggemann is able to connect rhetoric with theological insights in a way that communicates clearly to readers. Clarity and structure are two of the most important handles needed to encourage the study of the prophets. The author has done that very well here.

Second, Brueggemann focuses on key prophets to describe. This is a wise move because of the overwhelming number of prophets in the Bible. While the central themes are similar, their personalities are different. This is something useful for small groups wanting to study the prophets. While the verse-by-verse methodology has been advocated by evangelicals, it is important not to become trapped in the methodology per se. Many ancient prophetical literature tend to be repetitive, and this may bore, or put off modern readers. If Bible study leaders fail to focus sufficiently on key themes, they may cause members of the study group to lose interest.

Finally, I appreciate the resources toward the end of the book. The "Brief Summary" of each prophetic book enables us to give a birds-eye view for our students and congregations. The table of approximate timelines helps us visualize the coming and going of each prophet in history. Some well known quotations from each prophet are included to whet our appetite. Then, there is the glossary of terms to help us make sense of some of the more technical terms used in the book. This shows us that the author is a seasoned teacher who understands the pedagogical challenges of students.

If you are afraid of digging deeper into the prophets, let this book be your guide to banish such fears.

Walter Brueggemann is currently the William Marcellus McPheeters professor emeritus of Old Testament at Columbia Theological Seminary. Some of his famous works include "The Prophetic Imagination," "Message of the Psalms," and his magnus opus "Theology of the Old Testament." Patricia Tull is A.B. Rhodes Professor Emerita of Old Testament at Louisville Seminary, and currently serves as Program Director for Hoosier Interfaith Power and Light in Indiana.

Rating: 4.5 stars of 5.

conrade
This book has been provided courtesy of Westminster John Knox Press and NetGalley without requiring a positive review. All opinions offered above are mine unless otherwise stated or implied.
Profile Image for Nate Pequette.
43 reviews
February 8, 2020
A very simple, historical summary of the prophets. Brueggemann describes the prophets as emancipated imaaginers of alternative. Emancipated from the dominant assumptions of their society to imagine an alternative society in the Kingdom of God. In each prophetic book there is a warning of judgement because of the ways Israel was handling their life of idolatry often with a hoarding and manipulation of resources. And in each book there is a reminder that God will be faithful to restore Israel back to be God's faithful people. This is very simple, short overview of the prophets. But I found it helpful to orientate myself again to the time period and history of the prophets.
Profile Image for David Jordan.
190 reviews3 followers
October 28, 2019
Walter Brueggemann employs his preeminent status as a biblical scholar and his singular genius as master interpreter of the Hebrew Scriptures to open the eyes of his readers to the possibility that the Hebrew prophets in scripture were telling a unified story of sin, punishment, and restoration in relation to God's people, Israel. Rather than defaulting to the traditional and customary interpretations of the Hebrew prophets as predictors of the future or fierce advocates of social justice, the author proposes that all fifteen books of prophecy in the first testament are bound by the unity of a common narrative: judgment to hope.

In a relatively brief volume, Brueggemann lays out a compelling case for the interconnectedness of the prophets' message over the course of multiple centuries and numerous national tragedies for the divided kingdom: Judah and Israel. The author includes a comparative timeline for each separate prophet, an explanation of the prohets' message and intended audience, and a description of the how each particular prophet meshes with the rest to create a cohesive overall story of judgment and hope for the people of God.

I was pleased with the book and encouraged by Brueggemann's helpful correlation of the judgment and hope theme to contemporary concerns and challenges for today's religious person and student of scripture.

Thank you to Westminster John Knox Press and Netgalley.com for the electronic advance review copy.
141 reviews4 followers
September 25, 2019
Walter Brueggemann has never written a book that was not worth reading. In this study of the prophets of the Hebrew Bible, Brueggemann does not disappoint. This wonderful book reflects solid biblical scholarship and sensitivity to the nuances of the ancient texts. Truly a prophet in his own time, Brueggemann has the unique ability to speak across the perceived abyss between the academy and the congregation. Anyone interested in a thematic approach to the prophetic texts of the Hebrew Bible will find this book a welcome addition to their libraries.
14 reviews
June 8, 2020
Timely message of hope- using the study of the prophets, Brueggemann takes complex stories of the major and minor prophets and weaves together a simple takeaway- that God’s judgements are always followed by new hope. In a culture immersed in a conversation about justice, the prophets are a good place to start. One takeaway, justice conversations in the Old Testament are just as linked to kindness, peace, and righteousness as they are in the New.
7 reviews1 follower
June 20, 2024
A lot of really good and helpful information in this one, but some very strange interpretations of scripture in other portions. Especially the book of Isaiah, where Brueggemann claims that it is written in three parts at three different times by three different authors. This completely kills the spirit of the book, and eradicates the majestic prophecies made about Jesus.
Profile Image for Daniel Harding.
374 reviews1 follower
July 29, 2020
The book is too short and presupposes to much on the reader. While it was helpful and encouraging there is a dismissive ness that may only be felt by the more conservative reader. Brueggemann’s view of the prophets is encouragingly challenging.
207 reviews
January 22, 2024
Emancipated imagines of the alternative. This is how Bruggemann describes the prophets. This books looks at the Major and Minor prophets in historical context. Author proposes 9/11 as similar to Exile. Excellent resource to have on hand.
Profile Image for Marcia Huntting.
71 reviews3 followers
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August 4, 2020
I only read a little bit. I was fascinated by the preview and was sooo hoping I could understand Rev Brueggemann, but I couldn't. I love reading and learning but I have to have things on my level.
432 reviews5 followers
May 21, 2021
Challenging read but provided lots to think about. There are many comparisons between the people of the Old Testament and the world today.
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