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何为良好生活:行之于途而应于心

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本书探讨伦理学中的几个论题。读过几本书的人知道,天下的道理差不多早都被前人讲过。其中有些,我有自己的体会、思考,尝试用当代中国普通读者比较易懂的方式把这些道理重新讲述;有些,前人好像讲得不太对不太好,我尝试讲得更好些。也许没做到——我一直对自己期望不高,更希望的倒是有几个读者能与作者一样,感到诚实的思考实是人生一大乐事。

“我该怎样生活”这个问题不只是人生道路之初的问题,而是贯穿人的一生的问题。这个问题,主要不是选择人生道路的问题,不是选对或选错人生道路的问题,而是行路的问题——知道自己在走什么路,知道这条路该怎么走:我们是否贴切着自己的真实天性行路。

在最初“选择人生道路”的时候,没谁一开始通透了解自己的本性,了解周边环境并预见环境的变化。我们一开始不可能通透了解自己的本性,这不在于我们还不够聪明,而在于我们的本性在一开始不够具体,本性有待在盘根错节的实践中向我们逐渐清晰地显现。我们大概可以在这个意义上去理解歌德说他的浮士德是一系列越来越纯粹或纯洁(rein)的努力。我把这个“纯粹”或“纯洁”理解为:自身通透。我以为,这种自身通透是phronesis最核心的含义——洞明自己行在何处,浑然一体地洞明自己和自己所行之路,从而能贴切着自己的真实天性行路,把自己大致保持在天性所指的道路上。

Kindle Edition

Published June 6, 2018

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陈嘉映

32 books12 followers

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Displaying 1 - 16 of 16 reviews
Profile Image for Michael Huang.
1,051 reviews56 followers
October 7, 2024
作者指出:读过几本书的人知道,天下的道理差不多早都被讲过了。这并不是谦虚。本书的确没有给我太多启发。 有三章我的总结分别是:“nothing”, “WTF is the point”, 和 “disappointingly free of insight”。 另外的部分时不时有一些让人点头的见解,但也不是很深刻的东西。例如:
* 在伦理领域,… 晓之以理蕴含“我比你高明”的意思 … 不如把说理视作不同经验之间求去理解的努力。
* “该怎样生活”是贯穿人生的问题。 这个问题,主要不是选择人生道路的问题,不是选对或选错人生道路的问题,而是行路的问题。
* 伦理领域的理论应该称为学说更贴切。
Profile Image for Cheng.
97 reviews2 followers
March 5, 2021
- 这本书下载了 PDF 很久,一直放在书库,最近刚好看到加入的读书群这期读这本书,趁着机会赶紧找来看完了,书篇幅不长,每一节都很简单,虽然是伦理学的哲学著作,但是可读性还可以。当然确实有很多地方没有跟上作者的论证思路,不过本着不求甚解的原则就跳过了。
- 书的名字过于通俗,何为良好生活,大抵看到这个书名都会以为这是一本手册类的鸡汤读物,好在第一章就开宗明义介绍了伦理学相关概念。作者没有告诉你什么是良好的生活,而是围绕良好生活的很多伦理学问题进行了哲学层面的讨论。例如功效主义,事实与价值,知行合一中的知行关系,快乐和幸福的概念,性善还是性恶,以及特殊性与普遍性。
- 每一章的每一小节论述,有清晰的逻辑关系。跟上思路大部分地方还是能够明白。也有不少的论述是之前的我从未想过的,比如知行之间的关系,知行合一丰富多样的含义。论述举的例子,不少地方结合当代中国的现实,能够感受到作者的腹诽。
- 但是我们能怎么办呢,努力去过一种有反思的良好生活吧,这本书不能保证你能过上这样的生活,但是有助于你去思考自己的道德观念和行为,以及开始找寻适合自己的良好生活。
Profile Image for 吕不理.
377 reviews53 followers
September 7, 2021
虽然今年还没过完 但我确定这是本年度我最喜爱的一本书。以后也会时时翻看。

似乎到了一个坎儿一般的年龄。成年快十年 自己对自己负责的新鲜劲儿早过去了。工作快三年 时不时质疑自己劳动的意义。频繁无聊 被信息轰炸 被意见裹挟 被狂热的情绪煽动 在焦虑的环境下挣扎。打鸡血是内卷躺平是丧 很是困扰何为良好生活。就是在这样的时刻读起了陈老师。

伦理学还是哲学 我不懂的呀 但不妨碍看老师论理。非常多的困惑被解开 也顿悟了非常多读科幻时碰到的道德困境 是并不颐指气使并非居高临下的那种人生指导小册。

感恩了。
Profile Image for Seike Liu.
70 reviews3 followers
April 5, 2022
“成年之后,人的主要任务是做事,主导我们怎样做的是手头在做的事情,典范只是参照。尽管我还想成就更高的自我,尽管这是个可嘉的愿望,但我大致就是这个样子了;现在,最重要的事情不是我愿成为什么,而是就我的所是来做事情的。”
Profile Image for Yomaru Hananoshika.
16 reviews
October 20, 2021
This book feels like an introduction to ethics and moral philosophy to me. The difference between this book and other kinds of philosophy books is that it breaks a lot of misconceptions proposed by other philosophers. Philosophers tend to split concepts to make their explanation earlier or clarify different things. But as the book states in the beginning, the purpose of moral philosophy should be to lead people to a good ending, or later there is a better term in my opinion -- eudaimonia. Separating and introducing concepts cannot help people to have a better life. For example, 知行合一, in author's mind, 知 and 行 are the same things. People cannot say they know but they don't act out. Another example is body and mind, the author argues that you cannot claim you have a nice spiritual fulfilment without fulfilment for your body. Same as your 才 and 德, it is not possible for a person to have a high level in 才 but a low level in 德, because a high level of 才 usually leads him/her to think more about 德.
Therefore, besides the introduction to various philosophical concepts, the book challenges the definition and separation of the concepts. Although the challenges usually only come to a thought-provoking process rather than a conclusion, they deliver an important point, 一體. I think this makes a lot of sense because the sciences of the world often intertwine with each other. We understand the world by splitting things into atomic concepts but we cannot use them to improve our lives until we integrate them.
I have enjoyed this book. One thing I don't like about the book is that the author is kind of picky on the definition of concepts by other philosophers. He is also picky on the word choice by other philosophers. That is fine but I found that the author makes the same mistake very often. I can think of a better word choice or example to explain some concepts than him. Therefore, understanding the meanings behind the book is not difficult but the way he explains them complicate it.
Profile Image for Chelsea.
166 reviews
April 1, 2021
这本应该是早些年的著作,关于利己即利他与自私,实然与应然,知行合一的论证开拓了思路.知之为先,知之深而蕴于实践,即是知行的统一.
Profile Image for Vito wong.
3 reviews
August 21, 2022
4星半,举的一些例子很有趣,很贴切,在述说我国一些的现象、气氛挺准确,到现在也还能说出口,未曾改变。
Profile Image for nanjiang.
35 reviews3 followers
January 7, 2024
昨天评价四星,结果晚上便想着将其中道理如何应用到具体生活。
Profile Image for Littlebasin.
215 reviews4 followers
March 29, 2024
真好。循循善诱,娓娓道来。把『我该过怎样的生活』这样一个看似浅显实则深广的问题说得从容又明白,确实需要深厚的功力。最大的感想:个殊之间的冲突不可避免,但可以通过交流和共通打破隔阂,但若上升到普遍主义层面去理解则无意义。
Profile Image for Abi.
32 reviews1 follower
October 16, 2024
喜欢本书中段,第三章~第六章,既有概念辨析又十分贴合实际,会再反复翻翻。
读了近一个月,没有哪一段是囫囵吞枣的,读完很是畅快。对哲学开始感兴趣!
20 reviews
December 24, 2025
A good book touching on multiple topics as faculty of knowledge, individual pursuit of a good life and if there is an ultimate universal standard of good living.
Profile Image for Di Wu.
27 reviews
January 2, 2019
不信服,有关自然科学的论述尤其不信服。
Displaying 1 - 16 of 16 reviews

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