Science policy has two dimensions. First, there is "science in government." This role involves scientific input into policy-making and using big science to forward the national agenda. The second is "government in science" which involves the management of the federal scientific endeavor over which the government has responsibility. This collection of essays investigates the problems of science policy at the nexus, where two forces, science inputs into policy, and government's attempts to manage science activities, more often than not, clash.