Elements of Vector Analysis Arranged for the Use of Students in Physics

by Josiah Willard Gibbs

About the Book

Books about Physics discuss the science that is concerned with the universe, energy and matter, and how they behave over time and space. Titles include: Fundamental measurements, properties of matter and optics, An Introduction to Electrodynamics from the Standpoint of the Electron Theory, Die Lagerung Der Atome im Raume, Die Grundlagen der Einsteinschen Gravitationstheorie, mit einem Vorwort von Albert Einstein, Einstein, the searcher: his work explained from dialogues with Einstein, Einstein's Theory of Relativity, Relativity: The Special and General Theory, and The Elements of Experimental Physics, Acoustics, Light and Heat, Magnetism and Electricity.

About us

Trieste Publishing's aim is to provide readers with the highest quality reproductions of fiction and non-fiction literature that has stood the test of time. Our titles are produced from scans of the original books and as a result may sometimes have imperfections. To ensure a high-quality product we have:


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98 pages, Paperback

First published July 27, 2015

About the author

Josiah Willard Gibbs (February 11, 1839 – April 28, 1903) was an American scientist who made important theoretical contributions to physics, chemistry, and mathematics. His work on the applications of thermodynamics was instrumental in transforming physical chemistry into a rigorous deductive science. Together with James Clerk Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann, he created statistical mechanics (a term that he coined), explaining the laws of thermodynamics as consequences of the statistical properties of large ensembles of particles. Gibbs also worked on the application of Maxwell's equations to problems in physical optics. As a mathematician, he invented modern vector calculus (independently of the British scientist Oliver Heaviside, who carried out similar work during the same period).

In 1863, Yale awarded Gibbs the first American doctorate in engineering. After a three-year sojourn in Europe, Gibbs spent the rest of his career at Yale, where he was professor of mathematical physics from 1871 until his death. Working in relative isolation, he became the earliest theoretical scientist in the United States to earn an international reputation and was praised by Albert Einstein as "the greatest mind in American history". In 1901 Gibbs received what was then considered the highest honor awarded by the international scientific community, the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London, "for his contributions to mathematical physics".

Commentators and biographers have remarked on the contrast between Gibbs's quiet, solitary life in turn of the century New England and the great international impact of his ideas. Though his work was almost entirely theoretical, the practical value of Gibbs's contributions became evident with the development of industrial chemistry during the first half of the 20th century. According to Robert Andrews Millikan, in pure science Gibbs "did for statistical mechanics and for thermodynamics what Laplace did for celestial mechanics and Maxwell did for electrodynamics, namely, made his field a well-nigh finished theoretical structure."