This volume has completely transformed my knowledge of political ideologies which have dominated in the twentieth century onwards. The book has also illuminated how these ideologies have been contaminated and hence to large extent changed into something very differen, tboth in practice and in popular use of the term, from what they originally used to mean. Given that the fate of humanity much depends on politics, a responsible citizen should know in depth about the philosophies along with their backgrounds, intentions, and end goals. Only then she, like I did, can realize every political philosohpy, however evil acts it brought up in the end, did not originate in a void. Instead, perhaps each one of them has something invaluable to offer to humanity.