Non-sag tungsten is primarily used as filaments for light bulbs, but also for other heating elements, because the elemental potassium in is alloyed with forms bubbles of gas under high pressure inside, which holds the shape of the filament even at very high temperature. Here specialists detail the chemical reactions and compounds occurring along the processing path from raw tungsten to the final filament. Among the steps and intermediate forms described are doping, the effluent-free manufacture of ammonium paratungstate by recycling the byproducts, tungsten blue oxide, and the formation and role of potassium bubbles. Reprinted from International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials vol. 14, nos. 1-3. Distributed in the US by Elsevier. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.