انتخاب حالی

by Altaf Hussain Hali

This book is a selection of the poems of Altaf Husayn Hali, who under the aegis of the British Education Department effected a transition of Urdu poetry from Persian oriented to English oriented norms. Hali even intellectually, was the most important transitory poet. Earlier in life he was a pupil of Ghalib the first Urdu poet to have philosophical themes. In this he wrote traditional poetry which had individual traits. As a socio-political reformer he influenced Iqbal, the first poet to have a philosophical system. Even the dialectic poems of Hali proved to be extremely popular and even now they are recited in assemblies. This selection has been judiciously done.

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About the author

Maulana Altaf Hussain Hali (1837–1914) (Urdu: مولانا الطاف حسین حالی) was an Urdu poet, and Writer. Hali occupies a special position in the history of Urdu literature. He was a poet, a critic, a teacher, a reformer and an impressive prose-writer. He was a close friend of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan.

Moulana Altaf Hussain Hali has an important place in Urdu literary history.He is one of the Aanasar-e-Khamsa of Urdu.He has written the Musaddas-e-Hali which occupies an important position in Urdu literature.

Born in Panipat in 1837, circumstances did not permit him to attain formal education in a school or college, yet he managed to acquire , through sustained self-effort, perfect command of Urdu, Persian and Arabic, and a good working knowledge of English. He later moved to Delhi where he wished to study the Islamic theology and poetic tradition. As a poet he did not confine himself within the narrow bounds of the ghazal, but successfully exploited the other poetic forms such as the nazm, the rubai, and the Marsia. More particularly, he harnessed his poetic abilities to the higher aims of social and moral edification. His famous long poem, Musaddas-e-Hali, examines the state of social and moral degradation prevalent in the then contemporary Muslim society. His prose treatise, Muqaddama-e-Shair-o-Shairi, is a pioneering work of literary criticism. It dwells on the limitations of the traditional ghazal, and points to the hollowness of its hackneyed themes and imagery, especially when the form is handled by inferior poets and versifiers.

Musaddas e mado jazr islam, one of Hali's most famous works describes the rise and fall of the Islamic empire in the sub-continent. It speaks about the Islamic empire at its best and worst.About Masadas-e-Hali,Sir Syed had said that If God will ask me that what have I achieved in life Then I will say that I've achieved The Mussadas written by Hali. The aim of this writing was to forewarn the Muslims of the sub-continent and make them more aware of their past and help them learn from their forefathers' mistakes. Some scholars of Pakistani nationalism also consider The Mussadas an important text for future articulation of a Muslim nation.

He has also written memorable biographies of Ghalib, Saadi Shirazi, and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, entitled respectively, Yaadgar-e-Ghalib, Hayat-e-Saadi, and Hayat-e-Javaid. His poem "Barkha Rut," describes the beauties of nature in the rainy season; "Hub-e-Watan," underscores the virtues of patriotism; while "Bewa ki Manajaat" focuses on the plight of widows in Indian society. Hali’s interests were wide-ranging, and his literary abilities were commensurate with his humanitarian aims.