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Gesammelte Schriften Supplement #3

Gesammelte Schriften Supplement 3. Übersetzungen: Marcel Proust, Guermantes

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Im Zentrum des Benjaminschen Übersetzens stand, neben Baudelaire, fraglos Marcel Proust, der große Wahlverwandte, dem Benjamin einen seiner inspiriertesten Essays widmete. Sein Verhältnis zu Proust war jedoch zunächst und vor allem das des Dolmetschers. Bereits im Sommer 1925 hatte Benjamin einen Übersetzungsvertrag für »Sodome et Gomorrhe« abgeschlossen, der 1926 - nachdem die Veröffentlichung der deutschen, von Rudolf Schottlaender stammenden Übersetzung des ersten Bandes der »Recherche du temps perdu« »ein großes publizistisch-kritisches Fiasko« (Benjamin) gegeben hatte - dahin erweitert wurde, daß das gesamte Werk von Benjamin und seinem Freund Franz Hessel übersetzt werden sollte. Schon im September 1926 berichtete Benjamin, die Übersetzung von »Im Schatten der jungen Mädchen« sei vor einem Monat abgeschlossen worden, und diejenige der »Guermantes« war Anfang 1929, nach Benjamins Worten, »schon seit Jahren fertig«. Es waltete indessen ein Unstern über diesem ersten Versuch, Prousts Romanwerk für die literarische Öffentlichkeit Deutschlands zu gewinnen. Benjamins Übersetzung von »Sodome et Gomorrhe« ist niemals gedruckt worden, das Manuskript verlorengegangen; »Im Schatten der jungen Mädchen« erschien 1927; »Guermantes — unter dem vom Verlag entstellten Titel »Die Herzogin von Guermantes« — 1930; danach war Proust in Deutschland länger als 20 Jahre nicht mehr vorhanden.

596 pages, Hardcover

Published October 31, 1987

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About the author

Walter Benjamin

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Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin was a German Jewish philosopher, cultural critic, media theorist, and essayist. An eclectic thinker who combined elements of German idealism, Romanticism, Western Marxism, Jewish mysticism, and neo-Kantianism, Benjamin made influential contributions to aesthetic theory, literary criticism, and historical materialism. He was associated with the Frankfurt School and also maintained formative friendships with thinkers such as playwright Bertolt Brecht and Kabbalah scholar Gershom Scholem. He was related to German political theorist and philosopher Hannah Arendt through her first marriage to Benjamin's cousin Günther Anders, though the friendship between Arendt and Benjamin outlasted her marriage to Anders. Both Arendt and Anders were students of Martin Heidegger, whom Benjamin considered a nemesis.
Among Benjamin's best known works are the essays "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" (1935) and "Theses on the Philosophy of History" (1940). His major work as a literary critic included essays on Charles Baudelaire, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Franz Kafka, Karl Kraus, Nikolai Leskov, Marcel Proust, Robert Walser, Trauerspiel and translation theory. He also made major translations into German of the Tableaux Parisiens section of Baudelaire's Les Fleurs du mal and parts of Proust's À la recherche du temps perdu.
Of the hidden principle organizing Walter Benjamin's thought Scholem wrote unequivocally that "Benjamin was a philosopher", while his younger colleagues Arendt and Theodor W. Adorno contend that he was "not a philosopher". Scholem remarked "The peculiar aura of authority emanating from his work tended to incite contradiction". Benjamin himself considered his research to be theological, though he eschewed all recourse to traditionally metaphysical sources of transcendentally revealed authority.
In 1940, at the age of 48, Benjamin died by suicide at Portbou on the French Spanish border while attempting to escape the advance of the Third Reich. Though popular acclaim eluded him during his life, the decades following his death won his work posthumous renown.

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